The liquid nitrogen
freeze–thaw (LN2-FT) method
has been widely used to improve the coal permeability in the coalbed
methane (CBM) production. However, the influence of moisture content
on the permeability of coal treated by LN2-FT remains unclear,
limiting the broad application of this technique. A novel seepage
system was proposed to analyze the permeability evolution of anthracite
coal samples treated by LN2-FT. Moreover, variations of
the pore structure were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and low-field NMR. The
results showed that pores and fractures appeared on the coal surface
after the LN2-FT treatment. As the moisture content of
the coal increased, more pores and fractures tended to be formed during
the LN2-FT treatment. The total pore volume, porosity,
and average pore diameter of the anthracite coal after the treatment
were 1.77, 2.44, and 5.58 times higher, respectively, than that of
the raw coal. The change in the specific surface area exhibited three
trends as the moisture content of the coal samples increased: a slow
descent, a steady increase, and a rapid descent. Moreover, it was
found that the LN2-FT treatment increased the connections
between pores and fractures, improving gas migration in the coal.
Furthermore, the LN2-FT treatment significantly increased
the permeability of the anthracite coal samples. The higher the coal
moisture, the higher the permeability of the coal samples after the
LN2-FT treatment. Hence, the LN2-FT technique
can substantially improve the permeability of coal reservoirs, providing
essential information for the efficient utilization of CBM.