“…The possible formation of higher actinide oxides out of the dioxides (UO 2 and PuO 2 or the mixed oxide matrices) directly influences the dissolution behaviour of the spent fuel, because the solubility of the actinide oxides increases drastically when the actinide has an oxidation state above +4 [2]. The claimed existence of PuO 2+x (s) [3,4] -after decades of believing in a very stable PuO 2 -and the controversial discussion following this surprising statement [5][6][7] unveiled the fact that especially for plutonium, as well as neptunium, the existing data set concerning their An-O phase diagrams is unsatisfactory [8].…”