Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of combined carbon dioxide reforming with steam reforming of methane to synthesis gas

Catalytic activity of hydrotalcite-derived catalysts in the dry reforming of methane: on the effect of Ce promotion and feed gas composition

“…8) showed that the excess of CH 4 in the feed gas had a positive effect on CO 2 conversion, the negative effect on CH 4 conversion and led to higher formation of H 2 when compared to the tests with equimolar feed gas composition, which is in agreement with calculations of thermodynamic equilibrium reported in literature [48,[52][53][54][55]. On the other hand, the tests carried out in the excess of CO 2 in the feed caused a decrease in both CH 4 and CO 2 conversions.…”

“…It is important to mention that the HTNi25-Ce catalyst showed the most stable performance when the excess of CO 2 was introduced to the reactor. According to thermodynamic model calculations [48,[52][53][54][55], the application of the excess of CO 2 should have a positive effect on catalyst stability, as lower formation of carbon deposits should be expected. Additionally, Ce promotion may help to oxidize deposited coke via reverse Boudouard reaction.…”

Catalyst development for steam reforming of methane and model biogas at low temperature

“…The reaction of methane with carbon dioxide (dry reforming reaction) is more endothermic than the reaction of methane with steam (steam reforming). So, due to the high partial pressure of steam in the feed and the low temperature of operation, CO 2 contained in model biogas is probably not involved in methane reforming [55][56][57].…”

Ordered mesoporous “one-pot” synthesized Ni-Mg(Ca)-Al2O3 as effective and remarkably stable catalysts for combined steam and dry reforming of methane (CSDRM)

“…The main direction for catalyst development in this field is focused on the use of nickel as active phase, this transition metal being the most attractive candidate for largescale industrial applications due to its high reactivity in DRM and SRM [3][4][5] together with low cost and wide availability compared to noble metals (Ru, Rh, Ir) [16][17][18][19]. However, the stability of supported Ni-based catalysts under the harsh reaction conditions of CSDRM [20][21][22][23] is still an important concern. The major deactivation drawbacks are severe coke deposition, reoxidation and thermal agglomeration of the Ni 0 nanoparticles under steam and at high temperature [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”