Thermodynamic properties of 4-amino-3-furazanecarboxamidoxime

Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution via Chlorinated Nitrated Benzene Derivatives: Four Energetic Ring‐substituted Furazans

“…The synthesis routes of the four energetic ring-substituted furazans (5)(6)(7)(8) are shown in Scheme 1.…”

“…Z. Feng, Y. Zhang, J. Li, Y. Li, F. Zhao, K. Xu 4 mmol) were added to a solution of 3,4-diaminofurazan (1) (0.200 g, 2 mmol) in anhydrous ethanol (20 mL), and the resulting solution was heated at 85°C with refluxing and stirring for 11 h. Then the reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature, filtered, washed repeatedly with water and anhydrous ethanol and dried to yield 0.470 g (45 %) of 3,4-bis(picrylamino)furazan (7). Yellow solid.…”

“…Nitrated benzene derivatives, e. g. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene [TNT, decomposition temperature (T d ) = 290°C, impact sensitivity (IS) = 15 J], 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB, T d = 360°C, IS = 50 J) and 1-methyl-2,4dinitrobenzene (2,4-DNT, T d = 300°C, IS > 49 J) [3], are an important class of insensitive heat-resistant energetic compounds [4,5]. Furazan rings, which can increase detonation performance of energetic compounds, are an effective energetic group for designing new EMs [6][7][8]. It has been proved that the substitution of a furazan ring for a nitro group in molecules can increase densities and detonation velocity of EMs by about 0.06-0.08 g cm À 3 and 300 m s À 1 [9].…”

“…According to the above-mentioned integration strategy, 3,4-diaminofurazan (1), as a nucleophile and a known important precursor for synthesizing new EMs [10][11][12][13], and three chlorinated nitrated benzene derivatives [1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (2), 1-chloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (3) and 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (4)] which can provide points of attacks for nucleophiles were chosen as raw materials to synthesize new insensitive high-energy compounds with high thermal stability. As a result, four energetic ring-substituted furazans [3-amino-4-(2,4-dinitroanilino)furazan (5), 3-amino-4-picrylaminofurazan (6), 3,4bis(picrylamino)furazan (7) and 4-(4-aminofurazanamino)-7nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (8)] were synthesized through the above aromatic nucleophilic substitution system. Although compounds 6 and 7 were first reported by Coburn in 1968 [14], the reported synthesis methods of 6 and 7 (Scheme S1) were low-yielding and complex respectively, and there has been no further synthetic, structural or applied research on them since then.…”

Thermal Behavior and Detonation Characterization of 3,3‐Dinitroazetidinium Salicylate

“…The DSC curves at the heating rates of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 8C min À1 were dealt with the mathematic means, and the temperature data corresponding to the conversion degrees (a) were found. Six integral methods (MacCallum-Tanner, Šatava-Šesták, Agrawal, General integral, Universal integral, and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa) and one differential method (Kissinger) were employed [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The values of E a were obtained by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa's method from the iso-conversional DSC curves at the heating rates of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 8C min À1 , and the E a -a relation is shown in Figure 4.…”