Thermodynamic study of aqueous solutions of polyelectrolytes of low and medium charge density without added salt by direct measurement of osmotic pressure

Salt Effect on Osmotic Pressure of Polyelectrolyte Solutions: Simulation Study

“…al. [26] were obtained by fitting the data to Equation (14). This fitting procedure resulted in f* = 0.54 c s = 7.6 × 10 M, respectively.…”

“…The osmotic pressure of polyelectrolyte solutions is controlled by contribution from counterions and salt ions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The unique feature of polyelectrolyte solution at low salt concentrations is that its osmotic pressure significantly exceeds the osmotic pressure of neutral polymers at the same polymer concentrations.…”

Polyelectrolytes in Salt Solutions: Molecular Dynamics Simulations

“…For example, in salt-free polyelectrolyte solutions the electrostatic interactions between charged groups on the polymer backbone result in a strong chain elongation with chain size scaling almost linearly with the chain degree of polymerization. Because of this strong dependence of the chain size on the chain degree of polymerization, the crossover to semidilute polyelectrolyte solution regime occurs at much low polymer concentrations than in solutions of neutral polymers. ,,,, The main contribution to the osmotic pressure in polyelectrolyte solutions comes from the ionic component. ,− Polyelectrolyte conformations are sensitive to the solvent quality for the polymer backbone. In poor solvent conditions for the polymer backbone a polyelectrolyte chain forms an unusual necklace-like structure of dense polymeric beads connected by strings of monomers. ,− Similar necklace-like structure can be formed in hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes in which a hydrophobic side chains are attached to the polyelectrolyte backbone …”