Thermodynamic study of inclusion formation in low alloy steel weld metals

Koseki, Takafumi; Ohkita, Shigeru; Yurioka, Nobutaka

doi:10.1179/136217197789832871

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The present study applies the method proposed by Koseki et al 22) and Ichikawa et al 23) to the prediction of the amount of precipitated inclusions and their chemical compositions in our steel samples, because they have already verified that this equilibrium calculation by the thermodynamic calculation software, Thermo-Calc., can predict the inclusion characteristics over a wide range weld compositions. The Thermo-Calc.…”

Section: Theoretical Workmentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of Sulfur Content on Inclusion and Microstructure Characteristics in Steels with Ti2O3 and TiO2 Additions

Jönsson

Nakajima

2014

ISIJ Int.

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The effect of the sulfur content on the inclusion and microstructure characteristics of steels where Ti2O3 and TiO2 have been added was studied. Based on the microscopic examinations, it is found in the steel samples with Ti2O3 additions that the area fraction of intragranular ferrite decreases from 52.68% to 39.09% as the sulfur content increases from 0.009 mass.% to 0.030 mass.%. In the steel samples with TiO2 additions, this value also decreases from 49.05% to 36.26% as the sulfur content increases. The nucleant inclusion was identified as a TiOx+MnS phase based on SEM-EDS measurements as well as on equilibrium calculations with thermodynamic calculation software, Thermo-Calc. Also, TiOx was found to be the nucleation site for an intragranular ferrite formation. Moreover, the nucleation probability increases with an increased inclusion size. It is also noted that the nucleation probability decreases slightly with an increased sulfur content. The minimum size of TiOx+MnS inclusions for an IGF nucleation is about 0.85 μm in the present samples. Furthermore, this minimum size of TiOx inclusions is shifted to a size of about 0.5 μm by excluding the depth of a MnS layer. In addition, the effective nucleation size range of TiOx inclusions in the steels, where Ti2O3 and TiO2 had been added, is smaller than that of TiN+Mn-Al-Si-Ti-O inclusions in steel samples where TiN had been added.

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Section: Theoretical Workmentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of Sulfur Content on Inclusion and Microstructure Characteristics in Steels with Ti2O3 and TiO2 Additions

Jönsson

Nakajima

2014

ISIJ Int.

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“…Previous research focused on developing thermodynamic and kinetic models to describe the inclusion characteristics as a function of weld metal composition and process parameters. 28) The model was based on sequential oxidation framework that was proposed originally by Bailey and Pargeter and by other researchers [29][30][31][32] and was later modified to include overall transformation kinetic theory. 33) This model removed the limitation of the fixed oxidation sequence assumed by other researchers and linked the oxidation sequence to the weld composition and cooling rate.…”

Section: Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Babu

David

2002

ISIJ International

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The paper presents an overview of research performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory on inclusion-formation, weld-solidification, and solid-state transformations in low-alloy steel welds. The competition between oxide and nitride formation in Fe-C-Al-Mn self-shielded flux-cored arc steel welds was predicted using computational thermodynamics. Nonequilibrium austenite phase selection was monitored in a Fe-CAl-Mn weld using an in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction technique. The competition between acicular ferrite and bainite formation from austenite was evaluated in Fe-C-Mn steel welds containing small amounts of titanium.KEY WORDS: steel welds; inclusion formation; weld solidification; nonequilibrium phase transformations; bainite; acicular ferrite.

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“…[11][12][13] In this work, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations for Hadfield steels were performed and compared to experimentally acquired data. The equilibrium calculations were based on a commercial thermodynamic calculation software.…”

Section: Predicted Phases and Compositions At Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Particles Precipitation in Ti- and Al-Deoxidized Hadfield Steels

Siafakas

Matsushita

Lauenstein

et al. 2016

steel research int.

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The characteristics and precipitation mechanism of particles in titanium-and aluminum-treated Hadfield steel casted during pilot-scale experiments have been studied. Light Optical Microscopy (LOM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) are utilized for the particle analysis and characterization. Additionally, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations are performed using Thermo-Calc software. Aluminum oxides, titanium carbon nitrides, titanium carbides, and manganese sulfides are the main types of particles found. The order of precipitation during solidification and chemical composition range of each type of particle are determined. Aluminum oxides are found to act as nucleation sites for titanium carbon nitrides. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations for particles characteristics are in good agreement with the experimental findings. Titanium carbides are found to form during initial stages of the ferro-titanium additions dissolution.

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Thermodynamic study of inclusion formation in low alloy steel weld metals

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of Sulfur Content on Inclusion and Microstructure Characteristics in Steels with Ti2O3 and TiO2 Additions

Effect of Sulfur Content on Inclusion and Microstructure Characteristics in Steels with Ti2O3 and TiO2 Additions

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Particles Precipitation in Ti- and Al-Deoxidized Hadfield Steels

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