Thermodynamics and kinetic analysis of membrane: Challenges and perspectives

Ahmad, Tausif; Rehman, Lubna Muzamil; Alnuaimi, Reham Y.; Levay, Jerry; Thankamony, Roshni Lilly; Mubashir, Muhammad; Lai, Zhiping

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139430

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…The nonsolvent–solvent affinity is known to significantly affect the dynamics of NIPS. ,, The shrinking dynamics of the thin film (membrane) can be elucidated by monitoring the variations in thickness, as defined by the peaks in φ P (x) and denoted as d(t). Figure a depicts the time evolution of the film thickness for two nonsolvent–solvent pairs characterized by χ NS values of −4.0 and 0.0.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Nonsolvent–Solvent Affinity on Membrane Morphology and Microstructure: Unraveling the Transition from Traversing Pore to Closed Void Structures

Hu,

Tsao,

Sheng

2024

Macromolecules

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The commonly used nonsolvent-induced phase separation process for creating polymer membranes lacks microscopically solidified mechanisms. This study employs dissipative particle dynamics simulations to investigate the solidification dynamics and the impact of nonsolvent−solvent affinity on membrane morphology and microstructure. Strong nonsolvent−solvent affinity triggers active nonsolvent−solvent exchange and membrane solidification via nonsolvent-induced precipitation, resulting in a traversing pore structure. In contrast, weak affinity restricts exchange, leading to solidification primarily through solvent loss-induced oversaturation and resulting in a closed void structure. The membrane's microstructure is closely linked to the solidified polymer conformations, with smaller polymer sizes observed in membranes with low crystallite content compared to those with high crystallite content. Polymer sizes are smaller in coil-like conformations compared to those in interfolding conformations. Increasing nonsolvent−solvent affinity promotes a dominant nonsolvent−solvent exchange mechanism, leading to faster solidification, lower crystallinity, and poorer polymer alignment with coil-like conformations. The differences in macroscopic membrane morphology and microscopic polymer conformation illustrate how solidification varies with strong and weak affinity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Nonsolvent–Solvent Affinity on Membrane Morphology and Microstructure: Unraveling the Transition from Traversing Pore to Closed Void Structures

Hu,

Tsao,

Sheng

2024

Macromolecules

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“…It is worth noting that for improving membrane performance as well as achieving a desirable membrane structure and morphology, it is crucial to control the kinetic and thermodynamic mechanisms of phase separation. A detailed effect of both mechanisms has been discussed by Ahmad et al [134]. It was confirmed that the mass transfer rate, surface polymer concentration, and kinetics of polymer solidification-which determine the NIPS structure-are all influenced by the system temperature [134].…”

Section: Casted Pan-based Membranes In the Fo Processmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A detailed effect of both mechanisms has been discussed by Ahmad et al [134]. It was confirmed that the mass transfer rate, surface polymer concentration, and kinetics of polymer solidification-which determine the NIPS structure-are all influenced by the system temperature [134]. In PRO mode J w = 77.9 J s = 6.9 J s /J w = 0.09 [18,108] Casted PAN Membranes 2023, 13, 872 20 of 38…”

Section: Casted Pan-based Membranes In the Fo Processmentioning

confidence: 87%

A Comprehensive Review of Performance of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Membranes for Forward Osmosis Water Separation and Purification Process

Abounahia,

Shahab,

Khan

et al. 2023

Membranes

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Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), with its unique chemical, electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, has become a crucial acrylic polymer for the industry. This polymer has been widely used to fabricate ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis membranes for water treatment applications. However, it recently started to be used to fabricate thin-film composite (TFC) and fiber-based forward osmosis (FO) membranes at a lab scale. Phase inversion and electrospinning methods were the most utilized techniques to fabricate PAN-based FO membranes. The PAN substrate layer could function as a good support layer to create TFC and fiber membranes with excellent performance under FO process conditions by selecting the proper modification techniques. The various modification techniques used to enhance PAN-based FO performance include interfacial polymerization, layer-by-layer assembly, simple coating, and incorporating nanofillers. Thus, the fabrication and modification techniques of PAN-based porous FO membranes have been highlighted in this work. Also, the performance of these FO membranes was investigated. Finally, perspectives and potential directions for further study on PAN-based FO membranes are presented in light of the developments in this area. This review is expected to aid the scientific community in creating novel effective porous FO polymeric membranes based on PAN polymer for various water and wastewater treatment applications.

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A 5,5’‐Thiobis(thiazol‐2‐amine)‐based dithiocarbamate polymer: Straightforward synthesis and application in PVC membrane modification to enhance cadmium and dye removal

Kamali,

Haghani,

Fely

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A novel dithiocarbamate polymer (TTDP) derived from bis(2‐aminothiazole) sulfide was synthesized through a straightforward process. The synthesis involved the initial conversion of 2‐aminothiazole into its bis(sulfide), subsequent reaction with chloroacetyl chloride, and final copolymerization with disodium ethylene bisdithiocarbamate. TTDP boasts a high percentage of functional groups containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen, contributing to its hydrophilicity, strong chelation capacity with metal cations, and compatibility with other polymers. Therefore, it was used as a strong candidate for making membranes in water media. According to this, TTDP was blended in ratios 1, 2, 5, and 10 wt% with polyvinyl chloride (PVC; 15 wt%), 2 wt% of polyethylene glycol 4000 in N,N‐dimethylacetamide as polymeric membranes for water‐based applications. The blended membranes were prepared using the casting and immersion precipitation method. The blended membrane showed high fluxes, up to 1052 L/m2 h for 2 wt% of TTDP (in comparison to the bare membrane's 459 L/m2h). Notably, they demonstrated an excellent protein solution flux of 222–269 L/m2 h at 3 bar with 96%–98% bovine serum albumin rejection. Furthermore, these membranes showed remarkable efficacy in removing cadmium ions (up to 98.96% for 5 and 10 wt% TTDP) and synthetic dye methyl orange (up to 84.03% for 2 wt% TTDP).

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Thermodynamics and kinetic analysis of membrane: Challenges and perspectives

Cited by 19 publications

References 187 publications

Impact of Nonsolvent–Solvent Affinity on Membrane Morphology and Microstructure: Unraveling the Transition from Traversing Pore to Closed Void Structures

Impact of Nonsolvent–Solvent Affinity on Membrane Morphology and Microstructure: Unraveling the Transition from Traversing Pore to Closed Void Structures

A Comprehensive Review of Performance of Polyacrylonitrile-Based Membranes for Forward Osmosis Water Separation and Purification Process

A 5,5’‐Thiobis(thiazol‐2‐amine)‐based dithiocarbamate polymer: Straightforward synthesis and application in PVC membrane modification to enhance cadmium and dye removal

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