Thermodynamics of Irreversible Particle Creation Phenomena and Its Cosmological Consequence

Abstract

The study of particle creation phenomena at the expense of the gravitational field is of great research interest. It might solve the cosmological puzzle singlehandedly, without the need for either dark energy or modified theory of gravity. In the early universe, following graceful exit from inflationary phase, it serves the purpose of reheating the cold universe, which gave way to the hot Big-Bang model. In the late universe, it led to late time cosmic acceleration, without affecting standard Big-Bang-Nucleosynthesis (BBN), Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR), or Structure Formation. In this chapter, we briefly review the present status of cosmic evolution, develop the thermodynamics for irreversible particle creation phenomena and study its consequences at the early as well as at the late universe.