Thermodynamics of TiN Formation in Fe-Cr Melts

Abstract

Table 1. Experimental results of metal-nitride-gas equilibration in Fe-Cr melts.

Thermodynamic Interaction between Chromium and Titanium in Liquid Fe–Cr Alloys Containing 30 mass% Cr

“…The interaction parameters determined in the present study are compared with previous results [7][8][9][10][11] in Table 2. Wada and Pehlke 7) measured the effect of chromium on TiN precipitation in their nitrogen adsorption experiments in Fe-Cr-Ti melt using the Sieverts' method in the temperature range from 1 823 to 2 073 K. They reported the values of e Ti Cr and r Ti Cr as 0.022 and Ϫ0.0001, respectively, at 1 873 K from their limited experimental data (10 and 20 mass% Cr).…”

“…[4][5][6] In order to control those inclusions during steel processing, it is essential to have accurate thermodynamic information of titanium in liquid stainless steels containing high chromium. In spite of its importance, the thermodynamic relation between chromium and titanium in liquid Fe-Cr-Ti alloys is not consistent in the literature, [7][8][9][10][11] and little information is available at temperatures other than 1 873 K.…”

Thermodynamics of Titanium Oxide in CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgOsatd–CaF2 Slag Equilibrated with Fe–11mass%Cr Melt

“…In the present study, the activity of metallic element such as silicon and titanium was calculated based on the following classical Wagner formalism using the first-and secondorder interaction parameters, which are listed in Table 3. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] . (4) where f M , e and r is, respectively, the Henrian activity coefficient of element M, and the first-and second-order interaction parameters between each element.…”

Thermodynamic Interactions of Nb and Mo on Ti in Liquid Iron

“…Four specimen of each metal sample were prepared for the analysis of nitrogen and oxygen by the inert gas fusioninfrared absorptiometry. For the analysis of titanium, niobium and molybdenum, the metal sample (0.2 g) was dissolved in 20 mL of HCl (1+1) in a glass beaker of 50 mL capacity heated in a water bath for 2 h. The leaching test of TiN powder (99% purity, <10 mm, Aldrich Chemical Co.) indicated that TiN was nearly insoluble in dilute HCl(1+1) solution heated in a water bath up to 6 h. In author's previous studies, [9][10][11][12][13] the detailed procedure for chemical analysis is available. The analytical limits for titanium, niobium and molybdenum in metal sample were 5 AE 1 mass ppm, 10 AE 2 mass ppm and 5 AE 1 mass ppm, respectively.…”

“…7,8) In spite of its importance, thermodynamic relations among titanium, niobium and molybdenum in liquid stainless steels are very limited. In author's recent studies, [9][10][11][12][13] thermodynamics of Fe-iTi-N (i ¼ Cr, Ni, Si and Al) melts were studied using the metal-nitride-gas equilibration technique. In the present study, thermodynamic interactions of niobium and molybdenum on titanium in liquid iron were studied by measuring the effect of niobium and molybdenum on the solubility product of TiN in liquid iron utilizing a high frequency induction furnace in the temperature range of 1873$1973 K. Using Wagner's formalism, 14) the interaction parameters of niobium and molybdenum on titanium were determined from the experimental results.…”