Thermodynamics of Titanium and Oxygen Dissolved in Liquid Iron Equilibrated with Titanium Oxides

Pak, Jong‐Jin; Jo, Jong-Oh; Kim, Sun-In; Kim, Wan-Yi; Chung, Tae-In; Seo, Seok-Min; Park, Joo-Hyun; Kim, Joo Young

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.47.16

Cited by 90 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…As was shown, 22) these aluminum concentrations do not affect significantly on the experimental results.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…It was shown 22) that, for the description of the Fe-Ti-O system, when Ti 3 O 5 and Ti 2 O 3 oxides are the products of deoxidation, it is insufficient to use only the first-order interaction parameters (e Ti O(Fe) ϭϪ0.541; e O Ti(Fe) ϭϪ1.619) 22) and the second-order parameters must be also taken into account (r The oxygen concentrations in melt that are in equilibrium with a given titanium content (reaction (15) …”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. As is seen, these values rise from iron to nickel, which is seemingly connected with the increase in the bond strength of titanium (g°T i(s)(Fe) ϭ0.0083, g°T i(s)(Ni) ϭ0.00019) The deoxidation ability of titanium in liquid iron was studied by different methods; namely, reaching the equilibrium between iron melt and hydrogen-vapor mixture, 5,[8][9][10]14) melting in the controlled inert atmosphere, 4,[20][21][22][23][24] and using the emf method. [11][12][13]15,17,18) The deoxidation ability of titanium in liquid nickel was studied by reaching the equilibrium between melt and hydrogen-vapor mixture 25,26) and by the emf method.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deoxidation Equilibrium of Titanium in the Iron–Nickel Melts

et al. 2010

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The oxygen solutions in the titanium-containing Fe-Ni melts have been thermodynamically analyzed. When the nickel content rises to 40 %, the deoxidation ability of titanium decreases but then it sharply rises with increasing nickel concentration in melt. This can be explained by the fact that although the bond strength of titanium in nickel is considerably stronger in comparison with iron (g°T i(s)(Fe) ϭ0.0083; g°T i(s)(Ni) ϭ0.00019), but the bond strength of oxygen in nickel is appreciably weaker that in iron (g°O (Fe) ϭ0.0105; g°O (Ni) ϭ0.357). The oxygen solubility curves pass through a minimum whose position shifts to the higher titanium concentrations with an increase in the nickel content from 0.564 % Ti for pure iron to 0.633 % Ti for pure nickel. The further addition of titanium causes an increase in the oxygen content in melt. Equilibrium points of oxide phases TiO 2 , Ti 3 O 5 and Ti 2 O 3 for different alloy compositions at 1 873 K were determined. The published results devoted to the oxide phases in iron and nickel deoxidized with titanium are summarized. Deoxidation of Fe-40%Ni melts with titanium was experimentally studied. The experimental and calculated results are in good agreement. The deoxidation abilities of titanium, chromium, manganese, vanadium, silicon, carbon, and aluminum in different Fe-Ni alloys are compared.

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“…As was shown, 22) these aluminum concentrations do not affect significantly on the experimental results.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deoxidation Equilibrium of Titanium in the Iron–Nickel Melts

et al. 2010

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“…7(b) that the stability region of calcium titanates (CT) arises while that of liquid calcium aluminates (LCA) significantly decreases, when the titanium content in the molten steel is 50 ppm. Titanium has significant influence on stable phase diagram, and it means that the calcium aluminate stability region becomes Ti O −0.34 38) 0.031 47) 0.026 36) Ca Al -−0.072 51) 0.0007 narrower with titanium content increases. If the titanium content increases to 0.05% or even more, the liquid phase stability areas remains greatly decreasing while solid calcium titanates phases (CT) increase as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Calculation Of Al-ti-ca-o Complex Inclusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ti Content on the Characteristics of Inclusions in Al–Ti–Ca Complex Deoxidized Steel

et al. 2017

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Experiments with different titanium addition were carried out in alumina crucible without slag at 1 873 K to investigate the variation of inclusion composition, size and morphology in Al-Ti-Ca complex deoxidized steel. The samples exacted from the experimental steels were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Titanium influence significantly on the morphology, size distribution and composition of oxide inclusions in Al-Ca deoxidized steels, and the inclusions characteristics vary with titanium content. Liquid oxide inclusions are promptly modified by titanium. On the other hand, titanium can also change solid calcium aluminate inclusions into spherical ones in the melts similarly, but there are a number of inhomogeneous inclusions in molten steel at the initial stage. Therefore, to modify inclusions better, the content of titanium and calcium in molten steel should be controlled simultaneously during the production process.

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“…Furthermore, it is suggested that fine titanium oxides induce high density nucleation sites for the grain refinement technique in oxide metallurgy technology. 1) Due to such importance, a huge number of studies [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] concerning the Ti and O equilibrium relation have been reported, where the Ti content in liquid iron has been up to 30 mass%. Our previously measured relation 12,13) between the concentration of Ti and O at 1 873 K is reproduced in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%