Enthalpies of dilution and osmotic coefficients of sodium dodecyl
sulfate (NaDS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) in water + 18-crown-6 ether (CR) and
water + β-cyclodextrin (CD) at a fixed
cosolvent concentration were measured at 298 and 310 K, respectively,
as functions of the surfactant
concentration (m
S). Enthalpies of transfer
ΔH (W → W + S) of CR (0.03 m) from water to
NaDS and DTAB
aqueous solutions as functions of m
S were also
determined at 298 K. From the enthalpies of dilution
the
apparent (LΦ,S) and partial (L2,S) molar
relative enthalpies of both surfactants were calculated.
Despite
CR forms inclusion complexes with the anionic surfactant only, the
L2,S
vs m
S profiles are similar and
the
enthalpies of micellization are lower than those in water by about −5
kJ mol-1. In the case of CD as a
cosolvent, the L2,S
vs m
S profile
for DTAB is similar to that for NaDS in the postmicellar region but
very
different in the premicellar one. The trends in the premicellar
region are discussed in terms of different
solute−solute hydrophilic interactions other than encapsulation while
those in the postmicellar region are
discussed in terms of the micellization process. The enthalpies of
micellization are very large because of
the complexed monomers contribution. ΔH (W → W +
S) data for CR in DTAB micellar solutions were
fitted through an equation previously reported which permits
simultaneously obtaining the distribution
constant of the uncomplexed CR and its enthalpy of transfer from the
aqueous to the micellar phases. The
equations were reviewed for CR in NaDS micellar solutions to account
for the CR complexation and for
the distribution of both the complexed and uncomplexed CR between the
aqueous and the micellar phases.
The derived properties are briefly discussed. The osmotic
coefficient (ΦS) vs m
S curve of
both surfactants
in W + CD shows a minimum at m
S equal to the
CD concentration (m
CD) and a maximum at
m
S = m
CD
+ cmc. These peculiarities are ascribed to the inclusion complex
formation between the macrocyclic
compound and the apolar chain of the surfactant. The addition of
CR to water leads to the shift of the
osmotic coefficient toward lower values. This shift is not very
important for DTAB while it is for NaDS
for which negative ΦS values were obtained. Sodium
perfluorooctanoate behaves like NaDS. Since the
osmotic coefficients for NaCl in W + CR are close to those in pure
water, the results are interpreted in
terms of complexed CR solubilization in the micellar
phase.