Thermodynamik der Irreversiblen Prozesse

Haase, Rolf

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-88485-6

Cited by 369 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…In the case of (Bi203)o,70(Y203)o. 30 against pure 6-Bi203 a temperature difference of 0.25"C was observed; the emf amounted 0.15 mV which confirms results of direct thermocells that both these substances have the same Seebeck coefficient (within experimental error).…”

Section: Isothermal Concentration Cellssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Because these thermogalvanic cells may be used as an oxygen gauge, two prototypes were tested. As was reported before [24] the infrared absorption spectrum ofsinteredF-(Bi203)0,70(Y,03),, 30 shows disappearance of discrete absorption peaks as compared with the unreacted mixture in the range 600-200 cm-l. Here we present results of IR spectroscopy on 6-(Bi,O,), 75(R203)u,25 (R = Tb-Lu) and on its (unreacted) components.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Haase [30] has shown that the potential difference between the cell in its final state (9) and the same cell in its initial state (8) equals the potential of the corresponding isothermal concentration cell when this cell has the same compositions at the electrodes as are present in the final-state thermoelectric cell (lo), i.e. Ae =…”

Section: Concentration Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To check accuracy of the measurements a preliminary one was performed on a pill-stack consisting of two pellets of (Bi203)o,70(Y203)o. 30 prepared from the same batch. The temperature difference did not exceed OS'C; the largest emf measured was 0.3 mV.…”

Section: Isothermal Concentration Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermogalvanic power and fast ion conduction in δ-Bi2O3 and δ-(Bi2O3)1−x(R2O3)x with R = Y, TbLu

et al. 1980

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The thermogalvanic power E (Seebeck coefficient) of 02-conducting s-Biz03 and 6-(Bi203)1_x(Y203)x has been measured directly as a function of temperature and partial oxygen pressure in N2 -02 mixtures. The E of 6-(Bi 2 3 0 ) ,,.75&03h,.25 with R = Tb-Lu was indirectly determined using an isothermal concentration cell technique. Except for pure 6-Bi20,, the heat of transport is much smaller than the activation energy for 02-conduction for all materials. The vibrational freedom of 02-ions in all L-stabilized materials is reflected in their IR spectra at room temperature. Two prototypes of a thermogalvanic POZ meter were tested.

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Section: Isothermal Concentration Cellssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Concentration Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isothermal Concentration Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermogalvanic power and fast ion conduction in δ-Bi2O3 and δ-(Bi2O3)1−x(R2O3)x with R = Y, TbLu

et al. 1980

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“…Between 412 and 657 °C silver sulphate forms a high temperature modification with a hexagonal structure 4 . This modification is characterised by a high cation mobility.…”

Section: Thermoelectric Power Of Molten and Solid Silver Sulphatementioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoelectric Power of Molten and Solid Silver Sulphate

Kvist

Randsalu

1966

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung A

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measurement, which makes the correction factor rather uncertain.The influence of end-effects (zlZ-effects) on the results of the capillary method has recently been discussed by several authors. BOCKRIS et al. 7 claim that it is impossible to avoid zl/-errors even if the flow rate past the capillary mouth is carefully chosen. According to SPEDDING and MILLS 8 , on the other hand, the Al error will be negligible for certain flow rates. Since the investigation by DWORKIN The above results show, that the paper strip technique can be used for self-diffusion measurements in molten salts if a correction for the exchange of metal ions between the glass and the melt is applied when necessary. The glass-melt interface is very large, and this fact, in conjunction with the comparatively long diffusion times that are needed, enhances the exchange. (A somewhat similar situation is encountered in the porous frit technique 2 ' 3 , but the corresponding problem is by no means so serious, since the diffusion times are of the order of 30 minutes only.) Due to the difficulty to determine the correction factor accurately, the paper strip method is not capable of the highest precision. It is, on the other hand, very simple to use, and it is able to give valuable independent checks of the results of other methods. This work has been financially supported by "Adlerbertska Forskningsfonden", which is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are due to Mr. W. PARKER for making the radioactive samples. The thermocell Ag(7 , 1)/Ag2 S04/Ag(r2) has been studied over the temperature range 420 to 750 °C. The results can be described by the following linear relations 1 -£1= (0.31 ±0.01) mV/°C (657-750 °C) --£s= [(0.687 + 0.011) -(0.472 + 0.019) -10 3 -mV/°C (420-657 °C) £1 and £s are the SEEBECK-coefficients of molten silver sulphate and the a-modification, respectively, and tm is the mean temperature of the salt column in °C. Thermoelectric Power of Molten and Solid Silver SulphateThe standard deviation of es was 4.3 • 10 -3 mV/°C. The transported entropy of the silver ion and of the sulphate ion have been calculated. A discontinuous change of the emf and the transported entropies was found at the melting point.

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Relaxation in the glass transition regime interpreted in terms of the aggregate model

Köpf¹,

Kilian²

1999

Acta Polym.

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The retardation time spectra in the glass transition range are discussed on hand of multidimensional deuteron NMR experiments, measurements of the dielectric loss and the T1‐relaxation of proton spins in liquids at different temperatures and different frequencies. The data can be described by applying the model of reversible aggregation. Every liquid is here characterized by a broad aggregate size distribution. Relaxation is interpreted as collective response of intra‐aggregate Debye processes running off while the aggregate ensemble fluctuates. The relaxation time increases with the volume of the aggregate so that every relaxation time distribution is strictly related to the aggregate size distribution. The shape of relaxation mode distributions is similar, the width depends on how the molecular mechanisms couple to the stationary dynamics. The coupling changes on heating so that the width of the relaxation mode distribution decreases. A full description of the α‐process needs to account for aggregate ensemble fluctuations, a bimodal relaxation mode spectrum and a heterogeneous kinetics.

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Thermodynamik der Irreversiblen Prozesse

Cited by 369 publications

References 0 publications

Thermogalvanic power and fast ion conduction in δ-Bi2O3 and δ-(Bi2O3)1−x(R2O3)x with R = Y, TbLu

Thermogalvanic power and fast ion conduction in δ-Bi2O3 and δ-(Bi2O3)1−x(R2O3)x with R = Y, TbLu

Thermoelectric Power of Molten and Solid Silver Sulphate

Relaxation in the glass transition regime interpreted in terms of the aggregate model

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