Thermography as a tool to assess training effects in military working dogs

Pichová, Katarína; Pavlin, Sara; Košťál, Ľubor; Pintarič, Štefan; Šemrov, Manja Zupan

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103441

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Increased ear temperature of canine athletes may be a result of an overall vasomotor response to excess heat production (Brodeur et al, 2017). Other canine athletes, such as military working dogs, were shown to use this response as a mechanism to cool down postexercise and mitigate increases in their core temperature (Pichová et al, 2023). By delivering blood, and by proxy heat flow, to distal locations, canine athletes can increase their rate of heat dissipation (Hammel et al, 1958).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under high heat stress, blood flow to the mouth and nasal cavity increases three‐fold to dissipate heat at a higher rate (Baile et al, 1987). In larger dogs, the attempts to dissipate heat may be directed away from the head vasculature and redirected to the extremities to remove heat stress from the core body cavity (Pichová et al, 2023). For example, military working dogs use a vasomotor response to transfer heat flow from the core of the dog to the extremities allowing for removal of excess heat (Pichová et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In larger dogs, the attempts to dissipate heat may be directed away from the head vasculature and redirected to the extremities to remove heat stress from the core body cavity (Pichová et al, 2023). For example, military working dogs use a vasomotor response to transfer heat flow from the core of the dog to the extremities allowing for removal of excess heat (Pichová et al, 2023). Since larger dogs have more surface area from their core to limbs over which to send blood flow, and consequently reduce heat stress, there is less of a demand on the mouth and nose to dissipate heat through panting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, we hypothesized that the mean increase in body temperature after exercise would be less that nonathletic dogs, based on findings from previous studies (Erjavec et al, 2022; Hall & Carter, 2017; Jimenez et al, 2023). A reduced range of temperature flux may be due in part to the superior cooling methods, for example movement of heat and blood flow to the extremities, present in canine athletes to mitigate increased metabolic demands (Gunn, 1978; Pichová et al, 2023). We hypothesized that T ear and heat dissipation rates may present an indirect relationship with body mass, similar to the indirect relationship seen between mass‐specific metabolism and body mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Thermal relations in sled dogs before and after exercise

Paul,

Jiménez

2024

J Exp Zool Pt A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Regulation of internal body temperature (Tb), or thermoregulation, is an evolutionarily conserved trait that places demand on basal metabolic rate of endothermic animals. Across species, athletes generate increased quantities of heat in comparison to their nonathletic counterparts and, therefore, must mediate physiological unbalance by upregulating the effectiveness of their heat dissipation abilities. Canine athletes are no exception to this phenomenon, however, with literature denoting body temperatures lower than nonathletic canines, it is clear they must possess adaptations to mitigate this demand. With VO2 max measurements of more than 200 mL/kg/min in sled dogs with mild training to 300 mL/kg/min in highly trained animals, sled dogs are a prime example of athleticism in canines. Seeking to determine correlations between Tear and body mass, morphology, and age of canine athletes, core body temperature (Tb) was measured with an instant ear thermometer, using Tear as a correlate before and after a 2‐mile run. In addition, we employed thermal imaging analysis to capture body‐wide heat dissipation patterns in sled dogs, and focused on thermal variation of mouth (Tmouth), nose (Tnose), and eyes (Teye). Furthermore, we looked at correlations between thermal variability across these four tissues and head morphology of each dog. Tear was consistently the highest temperature across all tissues measured, with a 1.5°C increase between pre‐ to postexercise (p < 0.001). Thermal imaging revealed significant positive correlations between Tmouth and body mass 15 min postexercise (p = 0.0023) as well as significantly negative correlations between Tnose and body mass at before exercise (p = 0.0468), Teye and nose length after run (p = 0.0076), and Tmouth and nose length after run (p = 0.0110). As body temperature rises during exercise, it becomes increasingly important to regulate blood flow throughout the body to supply working tissues with oxygen. This demand is offset by the role of the snout in evaporative cooling through panting, functioning as a prime location for heat dissipation and therefore maintaining significant relationships with many other vascularized tissues.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermal relations in sled dogs before and after exercise

Paul,

Jiménez

2024

J Exp Zool Pt A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pichová et al [ 42 ] also investigated the thermal changes in eight male German and Belgian Shepherd patrol guard dogs after a work routine. Thermal images were obtained bilaterally from 12 body regions, 5 min before and 30 min after training.…”

Section: Gait Evaluation and Lameness Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Infrared Thermography in the Rehabilitation of Patients in Veterinary Medicine

Casas-Alvarado,

Ogi,

Villanueva-García

et al. 2024

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infrared Thermography (IRT) has become an assistance tool in medicine and is used to noninvasively evaluate heat elimination during and after inflammatory processes or during the recovery period. However, its application in veterinary patients undergoing physiotherapy is a field that requires deep research. This review aims to analyze the application of IRT in the monitoring of animal physiotherapy, using the thermal changes that are present in patients undergoing gait or lameness issues (e.g., inflammation, pain, increased local temperature) as a neurobiological basis. Rehabilitation techniques such as acupuncture, physical therapies, thermotherapy, photo-biomodulation, and electrostimulation have been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect that decreases the amount of local heat production, which is heat that can be recorded with IRT. Therefore, IRT could be used as a complementary tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy, and it is suggested that further studies evaluate the accuracy, sensibility, and sensitivity of IRT.

show abstract

Thermography as a tool to assess training effects in military working dogs

Cited by 2 publications

References 40 publications

Thermal relations in sled dogs before and after exercise

Thermal relations in sled dogs before and after exercise

Application of Infrared Thermography in the Rehabilitation of Patients in Veterinary Medicine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About