Thermogravimetry applied to characterization of fly ash-based MCM-41 mesoporous materials

Wdowin

2014

Environ Monit Assess

220

144

In this paper, we present the possibility of using fly ash to produce synthetic zeolites. The synthesis class F fly ash from the Stalowa Wola SA heat and power plant was subjected to 24 h hydrothermal reaction with sodium hydroxide. Depending on the reaction conditions, three types of synthetic zeolites were formed: Na-X (20 g fly ash, 0.5 dm3 of 3 mol · dm−3 NaOH, 75 °C), Na-P1 (20 g fly ash, 0.5 dm3 of 3 mol · dm−3 NaOH, 95 °C), and sodalite (20 g fly ash, 0.8 dm3 of 5 mol · dm−3 NaOH + 0.4 dm3 of 3 mol · dm−3 NaCl, 95 °C). As synthesized materials were characterized to obtain mineral composition (X-ray diffractometry, Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry), adsorption properties (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, N2 isotherm adsorption/desorption), and ion exchange capacity. The most effective reaction for zeolite preparation was when sodalite was formed and the quantitative content of zeolite from X-ray diffractometry was 90 wt%, compared with 70 wt% for the Na-X and 75 wt% for the Na-P1. Residues from each synthesis reaction were the following: mullite, quartz, and the remains of amorphous aluminosilicate glass. The best zeolitic material as characterized by highest specific surface area was Na-X at almost 166 m2 · g−1, while for the Na-P1 and sodalite it was 71 and 33 m2 · g−1, respectively. The ion exchange capacity decreased in the following order: Na-X at 1.8 meq · g−1, Na-P1 at 0.72 meq · g−1, and sodalite at 0.56 meq · g−1. The resulting zeolites are competitive for commercially available materials and are used as ion exchangers in industrial wastewater and soil decontamination.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of zeolites prepared from industrial fly ash

Wdowin

2014

Environ Monit Assess

220

144

“…These techniques are used for ash and other similar materials characterization since the 1980s. Recently, more frequently thermal analysis techniques are used to characterization materials based on fly ashes and residues from waste incineration plants [9][10][11][15][16][17][18]. According to the results of the research elaborated in this paper, the coupled thermal analysis (mass spectrometer connected with TG and DSC) may allow for determining the characteristics of materials obtained through the waste thermal conversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal analysis of the by-products of waste combustion

Łach

Mikuła

Hebda

2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

Every year, vast amounts of wastes are produced in households and in industrial facilities. Therefore, waste thermal treatment has become one of the most effective and popular methods of waste disposal and waste management. However, it inevitably leads to the creation of solid by-products, as ash and slag often containing substances which are toxic and harmful for environment. Hence, they must be further processed to be deprived of undesirable properties. In order to effectively bind or neutralize such materials, one should thoroughly know their properties. Unfortunately, they can vary greatly depending on the particular combusted material and combustion system. Yet, the detailed properties of the byproducts of waste combustion may be thoroughly examined by means of combined methods of thermal analysis. The results of the research presented in this paper concern the possibility of determining the properties and detailed characteristics of waste combustion by-products by means of the combined techniques of thermal analysis. The examination was conducted on: dust from the boiler, bottom slag and ash, and solid waste from the exhaust gas cleaning. Test samples were obtained from one of the largest hazardous waste incineration plants in Poland. The investigated materials have undergone coupled thermal analysis (mass spectrometer connected with TG and DSC), which allowed for the detailed interpretation of the processes taking place during the examination of their thermal resistance. Moreover, morphology of the waste materials were analysed by SEM. Particle size distribution was determined by means of laser diffraction. Furthermore, content of harmful substances was examined.

“…Typically fly ashes are composed primarily of aluminosilicate glass, mullite (Al 6 Si 2 O 13 ) and quartz (SiO 2 ), and they can provide a ready source for Si and Al, which are necessary for the preparation of zeolites [6]. In this context, some valuable applications are focus on the conversion of fly ashes to zeolites [7,8], solid catalyst [9,10], porous materials [11] and adsorption of textile dyes to data [12,13]. However, other more valuable applications must be investigated to enhance the value of the fly ashes and to recycle the high fly ashes output.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fly ashes as a sustainable source for nanostructured Si anodes in lithium-ion batteries

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

SN Appl. Sci.

Recycling industrial wastes for high-value items is of strategic importance for commercial production. Fly ashes are solid waste by-products generated by coal-fired power plants. Although a large amount of annual output approach 150 million tons worldwide, fly ashes have been recycled merely into some low-value items. In order to realize the high additive value of fly ashes, we transform the solid waste fly ashes into nanostructured silicon powders and apply them as anodes active materials for lithium-ion batteries. The nanostructured silicon exhibits good electrochemical performance as lithium-ion batteries anodes with high rate capacity (1450.3 mAh g −1 at current density 4000 mA g −1) and reversible capacity (1017.5 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles), indicating that fly ashes can be a useful resource of anode materials to meet the need of high performance lithium-ion batteries.