Taking advantage of the flexibility of the apatite structure, nano-and micro-particles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) were doped with different combinations of rare earth ions (RE 3+ = Gd, eu, Yb, tm) to achieve a synergy among their magnetic and optical properties and to enable their application in preventive medicine, particularly diagnostics based on multimodal imaging. All powders were synthesized through hydrothermal processing at t ≤ 200 °C. An X-ray powder diffraction analysis showed that all powders crystallized in P6 3 /m space group of the hexagonal crystal structure. The refined unit-cell parameters reflected a decrease in the unit cell volume as a result of the partial substitution of Ca 2+ with smaller Re 3+ ions at both cation positions. the ftiR analysis additionally suggested that a synergy may exist solely in the triply doped system, where the lattice symmetry and vibration modes become more coherent than in the singly or doubly doped systems. HAp:Re 3+ optical characterization revealed a change in the energy band gap and the appearance of a weak blue luminescence (λ ex = 370 nm) due to an increased concentration of defects. the "up"-and the "down"-conversion spectra of HAp:Gd/Yb/tm and HAp:Gd/eu powders showed characteristic transitions of tm 3+ and eu 3+ , respectively. furthermore, in contrast to diamagnetic HAp, all HAp:Re 3+ powders exhibited paramagnetic behavior. cell viability tests of HAp:Gd/Yb/tm and HAp:Gd/eu powders in human dental pulp stem cell cultures indicated their good biocompatibility.