Thermomechanical Simulation of the Splashing of Ceramic Droplets on a Rigid Substrate

Bertagnolli, Mauro; Marchese, Maurizio; Jacucci, Gianni; Doltsinis, Ioannis; Noelting, Swen

doi:10.1006/jcph.1996.5468

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Fukai et al [8] used a finite-element-based technique to model the droplet spreading process. Bertagnolli et al [29] presented an adaptive-grid, finite element method to examine the impact of molten ceramic droplets in the context of thermal spraying, neglecting wetting effects. Pasandideh-Fard et al [30] studied fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification during molten metal droplet impact.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of Droplet Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomena of droplet–surface interactions

Šikalo

Ganić

2006

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

123

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Section: Numerical Simulation Of Droplet Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomena of droplet–surface interactions

Šikalo

Ganić

2006

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

123

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“…These numerical efforts were pioneered by Harlow and Shannon in the 1960s [129]. Subsequent work added the effect of viscosity [130], surface tension [131], wetting [113] and heat transfer during impact [132]. Later, researchers studied numerically the evaporation of drops on solid surfaces, see section 6.2.…”

Section: Fluid Dynamics Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid dynamics topics in bloodstain pattern analysis: Comparative review and research opportunities

Attinger

Moore

Donaldson

et al. 2013

Forensic Science International

158

139

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This comparative review highlights the relationships between the disciplines of bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) in forensics and that of fluid dynamics (FD) in the physical sciences. In both the BPA and FD communities, scientists study the motion and phase change of a liquid in contact with air, or with other liquids or solids. Five aspects of BPA related to FD are discussed: the physical forces driving the motion of blood as a fluid; the generation of the drops; their flight in the air; their impact on solid or liquid surfaces; and the production of stains. For each of these topics, the relevant literature from the BPA community and from the FD community is reviewed. Comments are provided on opportunities for joint BPA and FD research, and on the development of novel FD-based tools and methods for BPA. Also, the use of dimensionless numbers is proposed to inform BPA analyses. Keywordsbloodstain pattern analysis, review, dimensionless number, drop generation, trajectory, impact, stain Disciplines Laboratory and Basic Science Research | Other Mechanical EngineeringComments NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Forensic Science International. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Forensic Science International, [231, 1-3, (2013) Abstract: This comparative review highlights the relationships between the disciplines of bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) in forensics and that of fluid dynamics (FD) in the physical sciences. In both the BPA and FD communities, scientists study the motion and phase change of a liquid in contact with air, or with other liquids or solids. Five aspects of BPA related to FD are discussed: the physical forces driving the motion of blood as a fluid; the generation of the drops; their flight in the air; their impact on solid or liquid surfaces; and the production of stains. For each of these topics, the relevant literature from the BPA community and from the FD community is reviewed. Comments are provided on opportunities for joint BPA and FD research, and on the development of novel FD-based tools and methods for BPA. Also, the use of dimensionless numbers is proposed to inform BPA analyses.

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“…Later, Tsurutani et al (1990) and Trapaga and Szekely (1991) studied the impact of molten droplets in thermal spray processes. More studies were done by Sicilian and Hirt (1988), Kothe et al (1991), Brackbill et al (1992), Pasandideh-Fard et al (1996, Zhao et al (1996), Fukai et al (1995), Bertagnolli et al (1997), and Waldvogel and Poulikakos (1997). Moreover, Bussmann et al (1999Bussmann et al ( & 2000 developed a 3D model to simulate water droplet impacts and extended it to study metal droplet impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Droplet Impact and Solidification Including Thermal Shrinkage in a Thermal Spray Process

Alavi¹,

Passandideh-Fard²

2011

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer

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In this paper, a numerical study is performed to investigate the effects of thermal shrinkage on the deposition of molten particles on a substrate in a thermal spray process using the Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) method. Thermal shrinkage is a phenomenon caused by the variation of density during cooling and solidification of a molten metal. The Navier-Stokes equations along with the energy equation including phase change are solved using a 2D/axisymmetric mesh. The VOF method is used to track the free surface of molten particles, and an enthalpy-porosity formulation is used to model solidification. For the normal impact of tin particles in the order of 2 mm in diameter and 1 m/s in impact velocity, the final splat had a single cavity inside due to shrinkage. For cases with the scales of a typical thermal spray process, the effect of shrinkage appeared as a reduction in the droplet splashing on the substrate. Keywords INTRODUCTIONIn thermal spray processes, coatings such as various metals and alloys, carbides, and ceramics are applied to metal surfaces by a spray gun with a stream of oxyfuel flame, electric arc, or plasma arc. These coatings are formed by spraying and deposition of molten droplets on the substrate. The properties and quality of these coatings depend on many factors such as flame/laser/arc, material used for spraying, substrate material and its surface conditions, and spray characteristics. Another phenomenon that affects the shape of droplets in thermal spraying is thermal shrinkage. Because of their thermal expansion characteristics and changes in density, metals shrink or contract during solidification and cooling. Shrinkage, which causes dimensional changes and sometimes cracking, is the result of these three phases:a) Contraction of a molten metal as it cools prior to its solidification.b) Contraction of the metal during phase change from liquid to solid (release of the latent heat of fusion).c) Contraction of the solidified metal (casting) as its temperature drops to the ambient temperature.The shrinkage occurs because in most of the materials, the volume decreases due to an increase in density when the material undergoes solidification and cooling. Shrinkage can cause various defects in manufacturing processes. These defects can affect the appearance or even the structural integrity of the final product. Some examples are cavities, porosities, discontinuities such as cracks, defective surface, etc. In a thermal spray process, shrinkage has some effects on the deposition of droplets on the substrate and the formation of coating including porosity, cavity, curl-up of splat and surface depression.Developing a model to simulate impacts and solidification of molten droplets on to a substrate is a complex problem. It involves simultaneous computing of heat transfer and fluid flow in a droplet with a moving free surface. Adding phase change and density variation in this phenomenon makes the problem more complex. Modeling droplet impacts has a long history. Harlow and Shannon (1967) were the firs...

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Thermomechanical Simulation of the Splashing of Ceramic Droplets on a Rigid Substrate

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

Phenomena of droplet–surface interactions

Phenomena of droplet–surface interactions

Fluid dynamics topics in bloodstain pattern analysis: Comparative review and research opportunities

Numerical Simulation of Droplet Impact and Solidification Including Thermal Shrinkage in a Thermal Spray Process

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