Thermomechanical stress analysis of PV module production processes by Raman spectroscopy and FEM simulation

Beinert, Andreas J.; Romer, Pascal; Büchler, Andreas; Haueisen, Viola; Aktaa, Jarir; Eitner, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.282

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…One method used to determine thermomechanical stresses from the manufacturing process is Raman spectroscopy, while also controlling the solar cells for cracks using EL imaging. In one study [66], the stress of PV cells was measured using this method, before (after metallization and other cell processes) and after soldering and after the lamination process. The results of the two later stages were compared to a Finite Element Model (FEM) simulating the same stresses, for which they agreed very well.…”

Section: Literature On the Performance Modelling Of Pv Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the two later stages were compared to a Finite Element Model (FEM) simulating the same stresses, for which they agreed very well. However, the FEM results after the lamination were slightly overestimated due to the linear elastic material model used for EVA [66].…”

Section: Literature On the Performance Modelling Of Pv Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…imaging. In one study [66], the stress of PV cells was measured using this method, before (after metallization and other cell processes) and after soldering and after the lamination process. The results of the two later stages were compared to a Finite Element Mode (FEM) simulating the same stresses, for which they agreed very well.…”

Section: Literature On the Performance Modelling Of Pv Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Models for Photovoltaic Crack and Hotspot Prediction

2022

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The accurate prediction of the performance output of photovoltaic (PV) installations is becoming ever more prominent. Its success can provide a considerable economic benefit, which can be adopted in maintenance, installation, and when calculating levelized cost. However, modelling the long-term performance output of PV modules is quite complex, particularly because multiple factors are involved. This article investigates the available literature relevant to the modelling of PV module performance drop and failure. A particular focus is placed on cracks and hotspots, as these are deemed to be the most influential. Thus, the key aspects affecting the accuracy of performance simulations were identified and the perceived relevant gaps in the literature were outlined. One of the findings demonstrates that microcrack position, orientation, and the severity of a microcrack determines its impact on the PV cell’s performance. Therefore, this aspect needs to be categorized and considered accordingly, for achieving accurate predictions. Additionally, it has been identified that physical modelling of microcracks is currently a considerable challenge that can provide beneficial results if executed appropriately. As a result, suggestions have been made towards achieving this, through the use of methods and software such as XFEM and Griddler.

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Section: Literature On the Performance Modelling Of Pv Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature On the Performance Modelling Of Pv Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature On the Performance Modelling Of Pv Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Models for Photovoltaic Crack and Hotspot Prediction

2022

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“…The thermo-mechanical behavior of busbar PV module during manufacturing and subsequent life stages has been investigated in these studies: manufacturing process is analyzed by studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]; cracking effect on output or behavior is analyzed by studies [17][18][19][20][21][22]; behavior during application of different kind of loads is analyzed by studies [1,13,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. However, the existing studies did not include the initial stresses or pre-stresses in their analysis except studies [9,11,16], but they [9,11,16] studied production stage only.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temp. dependent [37][38][39] 0.28 [13,23] 2330 [23] Copper 117 [43,44] 17 [14,45] 0.35 [12] 8960 [46] Solder (Sn95.5Ag3.8Cu0.…”

Section: Materials Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-mechanical behavior assessment of smart wire connected and busbarPV modules during production, transportation, and subsequent field loading stages

Akram

Jin

et al. 2019

Energy

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Thermo-mechanical loads induce stresses in photovoltaic (PV) modules, leading to crack formation.In this context, the understanding of module's thermo-mechanical behavior is important. To investigate the thermo-mechanical behavior of smart wire connected technology (SWCT) and busbar PV modules throughout their entire life, the present study is conducted that probes the stress distribution and deformation during production, transportation, and subsequent mechanical and thermal loading stages in a consecutive step-by-step manner using finite element modelling approach.Pre-stresses and non-linearities are considered in simulation models. Stresses and displacements experienced by different parts/layers are examined, and crack sensitive regions are identified. In addition, the SWCT and busbar modules are compared, and it is found that SWCT interconnection is relatively a less stress inducing process and less susceptible to thermal and dynamic affects. During production stage, stresses of 39.3 MPa and 40.4 MPa are generated in SWCT cells and copper wires ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 respectively; while, stresses of 60 MPa and 87 MPa are generated in busbar cells and busbar respectively. Similarly, lower stresses are induced in SWCT PV modules during subsequent stages.The comparison results show advantages of SWCT module in terms of mechanical stability which can lead to improve the performance and reliability of PV modules.

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In situ quantification of temperature and strain within photovoltaic modules through optical sensing

Nivelle

Maes

Poortmans

et al. 2022

Progress in Photovoltaics

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The ability to quantify internal strain levels within a photovoltaic (PV) laminate is essential to aid in the development of reliable and sustainable PV modules. This need is even greater for emerging applications with a high degree of integration such as vehicle and infrastructure integrated PV. Within this work, we demonstrate a scalable optical sensing solution, which allows for the in situ thermo-mechanical strain and temperature monitoring of photovoltaic modules. Using a combination of two optic fibers with fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with a different packaging, an absolute inlaminate temperature accuracy of AE 0.3 C has been achieved along with the ability to detect changes in strain as low as AE 0.248 μϵ. The sensor solution provides the potential to monitor and quantify various failure modes or degradation at various stages in the development process up to in-field monitoring. Furthermore, it provides a platform for the direct validation of physics-based simulations.

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Thermomechanical stress analysis of PV module production processes by Raman spectroscopy and FEM simulation

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

A Review of Models for Photovoltaic Crack and Hotspot Prediction

A Review of Models for Photovoltaic Crack and Hotspot Prediction

Thermo-mechanical behavior assessment of smart wire connected and busbarPV modules during production, transportation, and subsequent field loading stages

In situ quantification of temperature and strain within photovoltaic modules through optical sensing

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