Thermophysical, environmental, and compatibility properties of nitrate and nitrite containing molten salts for medium temperature CSP applications: A critical review

Delise, Tiziano; Tizzoni, Anna Chiara; Ferrara, Mariarosaria; Corsaro, Natale; D’Ottavi, Cadia; Sau, Salvatore; Licoccia, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2018.07.057

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The ones based on molten salts sensible heat represent currently the most employed arrangement for CSP plants. In particular, a mixture named “solar salt” (NaNO 3 /KNO 3 60/40 wt%) is largely used as TES [ 45 ], generally with a two tanks configuration [ 46 ]. Commonly, thermal oil is utilized as HTF and the molten salts as TES operating between 390 and 290 °C [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of an Indirect Packed Bed Reactor for Chemical Energy Storage

Delise

Tizzoni

et al. 2021

Materials

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Chemical systems for thermal energy storage are promising routes to overcome the issue of solar irradiation discontinuity, helping to improve the cost-effectiveness and dispatchability of this technology. The present work is concerned with the simulation of a configuration based on an indirect-packed bed heat exchanger, for which few experimental and modelling data are available about practical applications. Since air shows advantages both as a reactant and heat transfer fluid, the modelling was performed considering a redox oxide based system, and, for this purpose, it was considered a pelletized aluminum/manganese spinel. A symmetrical configuration was selected and the calculation was carried out considering a heat duty of 125 MWth and a storage period of 8 h. Firstly, the heat exchanger was sized considering the mass and energy balances for the discharging step, and, subsequently, air inlet temperature and mass flow were determined for the charging step. The system performances were then modelled as a function of the heat exchanger length and the charging and discharging time, by solving the relative 1D Navier-Stokes equations. Despite limitations in the global heat exchange efficiency, resulting in an oversize of the storage system, the results showed a good storage efficiency of about 0.7.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of an Indirect Packed Bed Reactor for Chemical Energy Storage

Delise

Tizzoni

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…The material research on molten salt related aspects is diverse. Some review and overview publications on molten salt and other storage materials are available [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10]. Tab.…”

Section: Molten Salt As Heat Transfer and Storage Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten Salt Storage for Power Generation

Bauer

Odenthal

Bonk

2021

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

103

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Storage of electrical energy is a key technology for a future climate‐neutral energy supply with volatile photovoltaic and wind generation. Besides the well‐known technologies of pumped hydro, power‐to‐gas‐to‐power and batteries, the contribution of thermal energy storage is rather unknown. At the end of 2019 the worldwide power generation capacity from molten salt storage in concentrating solar power (CSP) plants was 21 GWhel. This article gives an overview of molten salt storage in CSP and new potential fields for decarbonization such as industrial processes, conventional power plants and electrical energy storage.

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“…Molten salts are the primary material used for energy storage thermal cycling at present, and store thermal energy as sensible heat with a relatively high energy density, near 0.8 GJ/m 3 [34,35]. Nevertheless, the use of molten salts suffers serious limitations that reduce the competitiveness of CSP with energy storage, vs. coal power plants.…”

Section: Thermochemical Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in calcium/chemical looping and metal oxide redox cycles for high-temperature thermochemical energy storage: A review

Yan

Wang

Clough

et al. 2020

Fuel Processing Technology

121

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Energy storage is one of the most critical factors for maximising the availability of renewable energy systems whilst delivering firm capacity on an as-and-when required basis, thus improving the balance of grid energy. Chemical and calcium looping are two technologies which are promising from both the point of view of minimising greenhouse gas emissions and because of their suitability for integrating with energy storage. A particularly promising route is to combine these technologies with solar heating, thus minimising the use of fossil fuels during the materials regeneration steps. For chemical looping, the development of mixed oxide carrier systems remains the highest impact research and development goal, and for calcium looping, minimising the decay in CO2 carrying capacity with natural sorbents appears to be the most economical option. In particular, sorbent stabilisers such as those based on Mg are particularly promising.In both cases, energy can be stored thermally as hot solids or chemically as unreacted materials, but there is a need to build suitable pilot plant demonstration units if the technology is to advance. Highlights Calcium and chemical looping can potentially be deployed at commercial scale within the next two decades. Both technologies have the potential for energy storage, either by means of sensible heat stored in solids or as chemical energy. A critical requirement for such development is construction and testing of suitable pilot and demonstration plants. Both technologies can be combined with solar power to offer particularly attractive systems with thermochemical energy storage.

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Thermophysical, environmental, and compatibility properties of nitrate and nitrite containing molten salts for medium temperature CSP applications: A critical review

Cited by 36 publications

References 60 publications

Performance of an Indirect Packed Bed Reactor for Chemical Energy Storage

Performance of an Indirect Packed Bed Reactor for Chemical Energy Storage

Molten Salt Storage for Power Generation

Developments in calcium/chemical looping and metal oxide redox cycles for high-temperature thermochemical energy storage: A review

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