Thermophysical Properties of Solutions of Iron(III) Nitrate-Nonahydrate in Mixtures of Ethanol and Water

Keller, Alexander; Wlokas, Irenäus; Kohns, Maximilian; Hasse, Hans

doi:10.1021/acs.jced.0c00105

Cited by 24 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In a sol-gel process, a nanometer-thick shell would form onto silica spheres following a complex combination of hydrolysis and condensation elementary reactions [25]. Inspired by that sol-gel processes, metal nitrates' ability to form well-de ned lms [11], and that iron(III) nitrate-nonahydrate forms solutions in ethanol [26], we proposed a new synthetic pathway for SiO 2 @Fe x O y . Using iron(III) nitrate-nonahydrate eliminates the troubles generated by the toxicity of iron acetylacetonate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green chemical synthesis for well-defined and sharply distributed SiO2@FexOy particles

Leis

Leonel

Virgilio

et al. 2021

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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Using a non-toxic precursor, we created a green chemical synthesis for colloidal spheres with a core@shell structure having a silica core and an iron oxide shell (SiO 2 @Fe x O y ). Our synthesis pathway enabled an iron oxide shell formation with a 9 ± 6 nm thick shell onto colloidal silica spheres (ca. 700 nm).SiO 2 @Fe x O y particles reduced A549 cell viability and induced DNA damage. SiO 2 @Fe x O y particles showed the potential for removing uoride from water. HighlightsGreen chemical synthesis for monodisperse, spherical SiO 2 @Fe x O y particles.A 9 ± 6 nm thick shell of iron oxide formed onto monodisperse silica spheres.The presence of the shell reduced A549 cell viability and induced DNA damage.SiO 2 @Fe x O y particles removed uoride from water in batch systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green chemical synthesis for well-defined and sharply distributed SiO2@FexOy particles

Leis

Leonel

Virgilio

et al. 2021

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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“…(3) for which the reaction rate is determined in terms of α, which is the normalized mass of the iron(III) nitrate α = (m0 -mt)/( m0 -me) where m0 is the initial mass of iron(III) nitrate, mt denotes the mass of iron(III) nitrate at time t and me is the final mass of iron(III) nitrate which is assumed to be zero. The time derivative of α yields [13] (5) with the pre-exponential factor k0 = 2.60 10 44 s −1 , the reaction order n = 2/3, and the activation energy E = 376.98 kJ/mol. R is the universal gas constant, and T denotes temperature.…”

Section: Thermal Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keller et al [13] measured the thermophysical properties of the solutions of INN in solvent mixtures of ethanol and water at atmospheric pressure where solvent compositions range from pure ethanol to pure water and INN molalities up 1.3 mol/kg corresponding to a mass fraction of about 0.34. The measured data include the density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and isobaric specific heat capacity.…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental relative standard uncertainty ranges from 0.2% for density to 10% for the mixture isobaric heat capacity. From the experimental thermophysical data, empirical correlations [13] for these properties were established. These thermophysical properties are valid within the temperature range from 288.15 K to 333.15 K. The thermal decomposition temperature of the INN is 403 K [11] and the experimental properties are extrapolated.…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Study of Single Iron(III) Nitrate Nonahydrate/Ethanol Droplet Evaporation in Humid Air

Narasu¹,

Keller²,

Kohns³

et al. 2020

World Congress on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer

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The heating and evaporation of spherically symmetric droplets consisting of a precursor solution of iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate (INN) and ethanol for nanoparticle synthesis in spray flames is studied numerically. The multicomponent droplets are at standard conditions and the evaporation is initiated through the elevated temperature of the convective ambient air. The liquid mixture properties of INN and ethanol used in the model are fits to new experimental data which are valid in the temperature range of 293.15 K through 333.15 K and for mass fractions of INN in ethanol up to 0.34. In general, there are two different pathways through which the nanoparticle synthesis may occur from the precursor solution. In the first pathway, the particle forms directly inside the liquid precursor solution, and in the second pathway, the droplet is transferred entirely into the gas phase from which the nanoparticle may form. The INN/ethanol precursor droplet is treated as a three-component solution consisting of ethanol, iron(III) nitrate, and water, where the INN consists of the latter two. The process is initially governed by the ethanol evaporation and later by water evaporation since ethanol is more volatile component. Further decomposition and liquid-phase reactions may occur inside the precursor droplet, eventually leaving over an iron (III) nitrate particle or transferring the iron (III) nitrate into the gas phase, which happens beyond the thermal decomposition temperature of 403 K beyond which the iron (III) nitrate may decompose into gaseous Fe2O3, so that the entire INN/ethanol droplet transforms into the gas phase. The study presents simulations of the evaporation of the INN/ethanol droplet for both situations.

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“…However, such data are scarce in the literature. Recently, a standardized synthesis setup was suggested by the SpraySyn initiative 3 , which further motivates the investigation of thermophysical properties of precursor solutions for the production of iron oxide 10 or titania 11 nanoparticles. As a part of this initiative, we recently reported experimental data on thermophysical properties of solutions of INN in mixtures of ethanol and water 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermophysical Properties of Solutions of Iron(III) Nitrate Nonahydrate in Mixtures of 1-Propanol and Water

et al. 2020

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The simulation of spray flame processes for the production of high quality nanoparticles relies on thermophysical properties of the precursor solutions, for which literature data are scarce. Here, we report experimental thermophysical data of solutions of iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate (INN) in (1-propanol + water) mixed solvents. The specific density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and isobaric heat capacity of the solutions were measured at 101.3 kPa between 288.15 and 333.15 K, solvent compositions ranging from 0.73 mol mol -1 1-propanol to pure water, and INN molalities up to 1.3 mol kg -1 . Empirical correlations of the experimental data are provided.

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Thermophysical Properties of Solutions of Iron(III) Nitrate-Nonahydrate in Mixtures of Ethanol and Water

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Green chemical synthesis for well-defined and sharply distributed SiO2@FexOy particles

Green chemical synthesis for well-defined and sharply distributed SiO2@FexOy particles

Numerical Study of Single Iron(III) Nitrate Nonahydrate/Ethanol Droplet Evaporation in Humid Air

Thermophysical Properties of Solutions of Iron(III) Nitrate Nonahydrate in Mixtures of 1-Propanol and Water

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