Thermoplastic polyurethane composites based on aluminum hypophosphite/modified iron tailings system with outstanding fire performance

Abstract

Iron tailings (IT) is the remaining industrial solid waste after beneficiation. The accumulation of billion tons of tailings not only occupies valuable land resources but also causes serious environmental pollution and human harm. This work aims to explore the potential application of IT in flame retardant field. The modified iron tailings (MIT) were combined with aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) to prepare a series of TPU/AHP/MIT composites by melt blending method. Thermogravimetric (TGA) test indicated that MIT and AHP significantly improved the thermal stability of the composites. The char residue of TPU/AHP22.5/MIT2.5 was enhanced to 29.60 wt% compared with 27.51 wt% of TPU/AHP25. Cone calorimetry test (CCT) confirmed that PHRR and THR of TPU/AHP15/MIT10 were decreased by 88.4% and 55.2% compared with those of pure TPU. Adding 2.5 wt% MIT could reduce the gas production of the TPU/AHP system by 32.82%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy tests confirmed that AHP/MIT system could increase the thickness and graphitization degree of char residue for the TPU composites, and thus increase the thermal stability and fire resistance of the composites. Lastly, the possible fire retarding mechanism of TPU/AHP/MIT composites was illustrated. This work provided a novel strategy for utilization of IT.

Analysis of Flammability and Smoke Emission of Plastic Materials Used in Construction and Transport

“…Liu et al [ 12 ] designed thermoplastic polyurethane composites based on an aluminium hypophosphite-modified iron tailings system. The halogen-free phosphorous-sulphur ionic liquid was successfully added to the matrix of FPUF [ 13 ]. Oliwa et al [ 14 ] investigated the effect of the type and amount of expandable graphite and blackcurrant pomace on the flammability and thermal stability of viscoelastic polyurethane foams.…”

Tensile and heat resistance behavior of modified thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in anisotropic neodymium‐iron‐born bonded magnet

“…However, their mechanical properties and heat resistance are compromised beyond 80 C, limiting their utility in high-temperature applications. 14 Various strategies, such as solution compounding, 15,16 in situ polymerization, 14,17 and direct melt-mixing, [18][19][20] have been explored to extend TPU service temperature. Hao et al 15 achieved notable success by integrating modified nano-SiC within TPU through solution compounding, enhancing both tensile strength and thermal stability.…”