Thermoplastic vulcanizate nanocomposites based on thermoplastic polyurethane and millable polyurethane blends reinforced with organoclay prepared by melt intercalation technique: Optimization of processing parameters via statistical methods

Barick, Aruna Kumar; Jung, Ji-Yoen; Choi, Myung Chan; Chang, Young‐Wook

doi:10.1002/app.38852

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the Taguchi method, determining the mean signal to noise ratio (S/N) for each processing parameter is an important step to assess quality characteristics of the measured data, to compare the relative magnitudes, and to find the optimal combination of processing parameters for desired mechanical properties. The equation for calculating the mean S/N ratio is given later

{\overset{true¯}{S / N}}_{A_{i}} = \frac{1}{n} true {true\sum}_{i = 1}^{n} S true/ N_{A_{i}}

where

S true/ N_{A_{i}}

is the S / N ratios of a set of control parameter A at a given level i .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, statistical significance of the effects of processing parameters, by means of p ‐value and percentage contribution ( P C ) of each parameter, on mechanical properties of the EPDM/PP blends was evaluated from the analysis of variance . The percentage contribution can be calculated as follows:

% Contribution of Parameter A ((), P_{C, A}) = \frac{S S_{A}}{S S_{T}} \times 100

where SS A is the sum of squared deviations for control parameter A (at three different levels) and SS T is the total sum of squared deviations of the total response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regression analysis, calculated from R statistical software, is another statistical method used to quantify the relationships between independent variables (processing parameters) and dependent variables (mechanical properties) . Instead of only assessing importance, the regression model can give predictions of actual output values with given settings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a practical industrial application, a cost‐effective approach is the Taguchi optimization design methodology developed by G. Taguchi . Taguchi methods have been widely used for process optimization in many fields such as electronics, industrial engineering, food science, and material science . Therefore, this work aims to find out optimum set of processing parameters and reliably effective prediction models for the key mechanical properties of EPDM/PP blends using the Taguchi technique and other supported statistical analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction models for the key mechanical properties of EPDM/PP blends as affected by processing parameters and their correlation with stress relaxation and phase morphologies

Uthaipan

Junhasavasdikul²,

Nakason

et al. 2015

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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The optimum condition of processing parameters (mixing temperature, rotor speed, fill factor, and blend ratio) and prediction models for the best key mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer/polypropylene thermoplastic vulcanizates (EPDM/PP TPVs) was investigated by using the Taguchi's optimization technique and data analysis. The results reveal that all of the processing parameters affected significantly the mechanical properties of the EPDM/PP TPVs, but specifically the blend ratio contributed more than 90% in effect size on tensile strength and tension set. There were three main factors, the mixing temperature, the fill factor, and the blend ratio, influencing the elongation at break. Furthermore, the mathematic models were effective and reliable in predicting the properties of TPVs. The correlation of mechanical properties, stress relaxation, and phase morphologies of the TPVs prepared from the predicted models was also investigated. It can be summarized that the morphological structure and stress relaxation of the TPVs were strongly governed by the EPDM content in the blend ratio. That is, the higher the EPDM content, the better phase morphology having smaller size of the vulcanized EPDM particles distributed in the PP matrix and the higher rate of stress relaxation. Moreover, these two properties were then principally pushing the mechanical characteristics of the EPDM/PP TPVs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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{\overset{true¯}{S / N}}_{A_{i}} = \frac{1}{n} true {true\sum}_{i = 1}^{n} S true/ N_{A_{i}}

where

S true/ N_{A_{i}}

is the S / N ratios of a set of control parameter A at a given level i .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

% Contribution of Parameter A ((), P_{C, A}) = \frac{S S_{A}}{S S_{T}} \times 100

where SS A is the sum of squared deviations for control parameter A (at three different levels) and SS T is the total sum of squared deviations of the total response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prediction models for the key mechanical properties of EPDM/PP blends as affected by processing parameters and their correlation with stress relaxation and phase morphologies

Uthaipan

Junhasavasdikul²,

Nakason

et al. 2015

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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“…As a conclusion, the stage of processing (dynamic vulcanization) is of extreme importance, and all aspects involved should be carefully analyzed and optimized, as they may change the final morphology of blends and, with it, completely alter their final properties [108].…”

Section: Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devulcanization of Elastomers and Applications

Sousa¹

2017

Elastomers

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In no other phase of human development was produced such amount of waste as currently. Its composition and quantity are directly related to the way the population lives, socioeconomic condition and the ease of access to consumer goods. The irregular disposition of such waste may cause harmful environmental impacts. One of the most dangerous solid wastes is the vulcanized rubber, which, besides having high natural degradation time, has many chemical additives on its formulation and the possibility to store rain water when disposed in landfills and may become a breeding place for vectors.So, recycling comes against this problem and devulcanization is a way of recycling that restores the fluidity of the rubber. One of the applications of this devulcanized rubber is in the production of polymeric blends. Devulcanization of rubbers, the application of this material in polymeric blends based on thermoplastic/recycled rubber, and the parameters involved during the processing of these materials will be addressed in this work.

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Nanocomposites based on thermoplastic polyurethane, millable polyurethane and organoclay: Effect of matrix composition and dynamic vulcanization

Barick

Chang

2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Dynamically vulcanized thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/millable polyurethane (MPU) blend nanocomposites, simple TPU/MPU blend nanocomposite, and TPU nanocomposite with 3 parts per hundred (phr) of organoclay were melt compounded in an internal mixer. Interfacial interactions between the organoclay and polyurethanes were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscope analysis, which revealed that the dispersion of organoclays significantly improved with increasing TPU content in the TPU/MPU blends and dynamic vulcanization process. Tensile test and dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the mechanical properties are improved with the TPU content in the TPU/MPU blends and dynamic vulcanization process. Both hardness and tension set of the samples decreased with increasing MPU content in the TPU/MPU blends. Thermal stability determined by thermo-gravimetric analysis revealed that it increased with increase in TPU concentration in the samples. Differential scanning calorimetry study showed that the glass transition temperature (T g ), melting temperature (T m ), and melt crystallization temperature (T c ) of the samples were significantly affected by the blend composition and dynamic vulcanization. Dynamic melt rheology of the nanocomposite samples in the molten state revealed a pseudo solid-like behavior as well as an enhanced shear thinning behavior, and the variation of the rheological properties are well correlated with blend compositions and morphology of the nanocomposites.

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Thermoplastic vulcanizate nanocomposites based on thermoplastic polyurethane and millable polyurethane blends reinforced with organoclay prepared by melt intercalation technique: Optimization of processing parameters via statistical methods

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Prediction models for the key mechanical properties of EPDM/PP blends as affected by processing parameters and their correlation with stress relaxation and phase morphologies

Prediction models for the key mechanical properties of EPDM/PP blends as affected by processing parameters and their correlation with stress relaxation and phase morphologies

Devulcanization of Elastomers and Applications

Nanocomposites based on thermoplastic polyurethane, millable polyurethane and organoclay: Effect of matrix composition and dynamic vulcanization

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