Thermoporometry of waterlogged archaeological wood: Insights into the change of pore traits after the water-removal by supercritical drying

Guo, Juan; Chen, Jiabao; Li, Ren; Liu, Jianan; Luo, Rupeng; Jiao, Lichao; Yin, Yafang

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2022.179297

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Statistical analysis showed that treatment by three LNPs had significant influences on MWC, BD, and porosity of wood samples. According to previous studies, 30 there is a strong positive correlation between porosity and MWC because MWC largely depends on water uptake in pores rather than on small increments of moisture-adsorbed sites. 75 The partial pores of waterlogged wood samples were filled with MALNPs or ALNPs (Figure S3), reducing their porosity (Figure 4a) and MWC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…According to a previous study, archaeological waterlogged wood has a high porosity of 84%. Compared to the recent sound wood, waterlogged archaeological wood has more micropores and small mesopores (diameter < 20 nm), making it potentially more favorable for smaller ALNPs to enter the wood structure. However, there was no significant linear relationship between WPG and the size of LNPs (Figure S4c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average diameters of LNPs, MALNPs, and ALNPs were 44.97 ± 10.87, 57.72 ± 12.87, and 31.09 ± 7.24 nm, respectively (Figure 2c). These sizes are all favorable for waterlogged archaeological wood consolidation (the pore size distribution of waterlogged archaeological wood ranges from 1 to 400 nm based on differential scanning calorimetry thermoporosimetry 30 ). In our case, hydrophilic LNPs (ALNPs) had the smallest size, while hydrophobic LNPs (MALNPs) had the largest size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an alternative, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were prepared as a consolidant for waterlogged archaeological wood . These particles, with much smaller size, can more easily penetrate the wood structure due to the anatomical characteristics of wood. , In addition, LNPs show a lighter color appearance than the bulk lignin and are more stable in neutral aqueous solutions . However, their consolidation efficiency in wood is limited because their penetration depth in waterlogged archaeological wood is only about 1.2 mm. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modified Lignin Nanoparticles as Potential Conservation Materials for Waterlogged Archaeological Wood

Zhang

Liu

Ke³

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Lignin is the most abundant component in archaeological waterlogged wood, making it a potential consolidant with high compatibility for historical wood conservation. However, its consolidation effect is limited by its low penetration into the wood. In this study, modified lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were proposed for the first time as conservation materials for waterlogged archaeological wood. Two modified LNPs were prepared with low molecular weight, small size, and high solubility in ethylene glycol (EG) for consolidating waterlogged wood samples. These nanoparticles, hydrophilic aminated LNPs (ALNPs) and hydrophobic esterified LNPs (MALNPs), greatly improved the consolidation effect of waterlogged wood samples compared to LNPs. This was demonstrated by measuring their physical properties, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties. The surface color change was almost within the acceptable range for the human eye. We also discussed two different reinforcement mechanisms of ALNPs and MALNPs. ALNPs can form hydrogen bonds with hemicellulose/cellulose in the wood to strengthen the fragile wood cell wall, while MALNPs can fill the wood cell lumen to support the cell wall and prevent deformation during drying. Our work provides an approach of using biomaterials as consolidants for archaeological waterlogged wood and expands the use of lignin in this field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modified Lignin Nanoparticles as Potential Conservation Materials for Waterlogged Archaeological Wood

Zhang

Liu

Ke³

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Archeological wood conservation with selected organosilicon compounds studied by XFM and nanoindentation

Broda,

Jakes,

et al. 2023

Wood Sci Technol

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Waterlogged wood conservation is a complex and challenging task. Detailed knowledge about the interactions between the applied chemicals and wood is necessary to ensure the effective and safe conservation of wooden artifacts. The present research aims to determine the mechanism of dimensional stabilization of archeological wood by organosilicon compounds using the combination of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) and nanoindentation. Archeological oak wood was treated with methyltrimethoxysilane, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, or 1,3-bis-[(diethylamino)-3-(propoxy)propan-2-ol]-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, which in previous studies were found to be more effective than other organosilicons in stabilizing wood dimensions. The XFM and nanoindentation results showed that all three organosilicons infiltrated wood cell walls and enhanced their mechanical properties. The XFM also showed that part of the chemicals filled some void spaces like cell lumina. Based on the results obtained here and in our previous research, it is determined that the mechanism of archeological wood dimensional stabilization by organosilicon treatment is complex and likely involves both filling cell lumina and infiltration into cell walls where organosilicons interact with wood polymers.

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The influence of relative humidity on the physicochemical environment of moisture in wood cell wall

Li,

2024

Cellulose

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Thermoporometry of waterlogged archaeological wood: Insights into the change of pore traits after the water-removal by supercritical drying

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Modified Lignin Nanoparticles as Potential Conservation Materials for Waterlogged Archaeological Wood

Modified Lignin Nanoparticles as Potential Conservation Materials for Waterlogged Archaeological Wood

Archeological wood conservation with selected organosilicon compounds studied by XFM and nanoindentation

The influence of relative humidity on the physicochemical environment of moisture in wood cell wall

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