Thermoresponsive polymers in non-aqueous solutions

Abstract

Thermoresponsive polymers are gaining increasing interest for numerous applications especially in the biomedical and nanotechnology fields. The thermoresponsive behaviour of polymers has been extensively studied in pure water or water/organic...

Cosolvent effects on the structure and thermoresponse of a polymer brush: PNIPAM in DMSO–water mixtures

“…Stimulus-responsive polymers respond to changes in the surrounding environment by altering their conformation. [1][2][3][4] When densely grafted to a surface, these polymers form a 'brush' with switchable interfacial and physicochemical properties; establishing a basis for smart coatings, 1,[5][6][7] with myriad applications ranging from controlled drug delivery to rheology modification. 8,9 One subset of stimulus-responsive polymers is thermoresponsive polymers, such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) or polymers from the poly(oligo (ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) family, which undergo a thermotransition at a critical temperature.…”

“…8,9 One subset of stimulus-responsive polymers is thermoresponsive polymers, such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) or polymers from the poly(oligo (ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) family, which undergo a thermotransition at a critical temperature. 4,10 Classically, a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) describes a soluble to insoluble transition, where polymer solubility decreases with increasing temperature in solution. Additionally, an upper critical solution temperature delineates a collapsed to swollen transition, where polymer solubility increases with temperature.…”

Multi-tunable thermoresponsive behaviors of poly(amido thioether)s

“…Thermoresponsive polymers (TRPs) have attracted increasing attention due to their promising applications in distinct fields such as sensors, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and pharmacology. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] As a class of smart polymers with temperature-dependent solubility, TRPs can undergo intriguing phase transition at the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and/or upper critical solution temperature (UCST). [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Owing to variations of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio and mutual interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding (HB) and electrostatic/ dipole-dipole interactions), the thermoresponsivity can be affected by some factors involving the chemical composition, molar mass, molecular weight distribution, branching structure, and topology.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] As a class of smart polymers with temperature-dependent solubility, TRPs can undergo intriguing phase transition at the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and/or upper critical solution temperature (UCST). [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Owing to variations of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio and mutual interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding (HB) and electrostatic/ dipole-dipole interactions), the thermoresponsivity can be affected by some factors involving the chemical composition, molar mass, molecular weight distribution, branching structure, and topology. As other stimuli (e.g., pH, redox and light irradiation) are incorporated into TRPs, stimuli-induced changes in structural arrangements or chemical compositions can efficiently regulate the temperature and/or type of phase transition.…”

Adaptive Ion‐Gel: Stimuli‐Responsive, and Self‐Healing Ion Gels

“…The first half of the paper outlines research on stimuliresponsive polymers in IL and ion gels, whereas the second half summarizes several studies that have successfully prepared ion gels with excellent mechanical properties as well as selfhealing attributes. Many excellent review papers related to polymer and ILs such as ion gels for functional materialization, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] stimuli-responsive polymers in ILs, [19,20] BCPs self-assembly in ILs, [21][22][23][24][25] polymer synthesis in ILs, [26,27] and ILs-type polymer (polyILs) [28][29][30][31][32] have already been available. We recommend that the readers also refer to them in conjunction with this review.…”