Thermosyphon Solar Energy Water Heaters

Norton, Brian; Probert, S.D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-2227-6_2

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This induces gravity-driven buoyancy forces in a closed circuit comprising a solar collector, hot-water store (or in an indirect system, a heat-exchanger located usually therein) and the associated pipework. Thermosyphon solar heaters are broadly classified as either close coupled as shown in Figures 1 to 7 [6,7] or distributed as shown in Figure 8 [26]. In both types the solar heated fluid can either be potable water circulated directly to the store or an aqueous anti-freeze solution that flows through a heat-exchanger immersed in, or forming a manifold around, the hot water store.…”

Section: Thermosyphon Solar Water Heatersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reduces the overall solar fraction rendering the unit less viable economically. Indeed this deficiency led to thermosyphon solar water heaters with diurnal heat storage in the late nineteenth century displacing integral collector storage water heaters [25,26]. To compete with solar water heater systems with separate collectors and stores, designs have evolved to enhance insolation collection whilst reducing heat losses [27].…”

Section: Integral Collector Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arranging pipework [67,95,96] or the tank shape [26] can be used to create an intermediate counter pressure to a reverse buoyant flow. Low forward-flow resistance non-return valves have also been studied [97,98] but their long-term practical reliability is unproven.…”

Section: Connection Of Collector To Storementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Solar Water Heaters: A Review of Systems Research and Design Innovation

Norton¹

2011

Green

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solar water heating can be considered to be an established mature technology. The achievement of this status is the outcome of over a century of system development that culminated with a flourish of innovation in the last thirty years. Drivers for research and development have been achieving economic viability by devising systems that, for specific applications in particular climate contexts produced more hot water per unit cost. Reductions in both initial capital and installation costs have been achieved as well as in those associated with subsequent operation and maintenance. Research on solar water heating is discussed with the emphasis on overall systems though some key aspects of component development are also outlined. A comprehensive taxonomy is presented of the generic types of solar water heater that have emerged and their features, characteristics and performance are discussed.The method(s) used to drive fluid flow, the fluid(s) used and the extent that a particular system is a single factory-built item prior to installation are the primary attributes that distinguish each principal generic solar water heater type. The nature and scale of applications together with the desire and scope for building integration, installation constraints and extent of adaptation to climatic factors have also influenced the broad strands of system design evolution that have lead to the current set of available types. At the simplest level, solar water heaters are classified as either passive or active depending on whether the heat transfer fluid circulates buoyantly or by the action of a pump respectively. They are either direct or indirect depending on whether the fluid in the collector constitutes the hot water withdrawn or is a separate fluid that passes through a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger can be part of another hydronic circuit with the hot water store [1,2], surround the store [3,4] or most commonly, is immersed in the store [5].

show abstract

Section: Thermosyphon Solar Water Heatersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Integral Collector Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Solar Water Heaters: A Review of Systems Research and Design Innovation

Norton¹

2011

Green

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some subcooled boiling occurs in 𝐿𝐿 𝑐𝑐 ′ , but it will have minimal impact on the density and can be neglected. The ratio 𝐿𝐿 𝑐𝑐 ′ 𝐿𝐿 𝑐𝑐 ⁄ may be calculated using the ratio of sensible heat (𝑑𝑑 𝑠𝑠 ) contributed to total heat (𝑄𝑄 𝑡𝑡 ) added in the channel [5].…”

Section: 𝜌𝜌̅mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grief (1988) discussed a number of representative works and programs on natural circulation loops [2]. Other reviews on similar topics had been given by Metrol et al (1981) [3], Probert (1982, 1986) [4][5] and Grief (1985, 1987) [6][7]. Chato (1963) investigated a parallel-channel system of vertical tubes between two constant-temperature reservoirs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Circulation in a PWR for a Sinusoidal Heat Input: Analytical Model

Abdulrahman¹

2022

Proceedings of the 8th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural circulation is a crucial passive heat removal process for all light water reactors. To understand the consequences of decreasing primary coolant inventory on natural circulation, an analytical one-dimensional model has been developed for a sinusoidal input heat distribution, based on solutions to the continuity, momentum and energy equations and expressions for the natural circulation parameters have been derived for PWR plant. The model encompasses all potential types of natural circulation (single-phase, combined single and two-phase, and two-phase). In this paper, it is found that the transition between the different modes of natural circulation with various system inventories is smooth. As the flow mode changes from single-phase (100% mass inventory) to two-phase natural circulation, the loop mass flow rate increases and exhibits a peak within a narrow band of inventory (usually between 60-80%). Also, it is demonstrated that natural circulation in a PWR type system can provide an effective mechanism for the rejection of core decay heat to the secondary over a primary coolant inventory range of 100 to 60%, and a core decay power range of 1.5 to 5% of full power. Comparisons are made between pervious experimental results and prior research and the analytical outcomes are found to be in reasonable accord.

show abstract

Solar Water Heating: Active and Passive

Duffie

Beckman

2013

Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thermosyphon Solar Energy Water Heaters

Cited by 17 publications

References 63 publications

Solar Water Heaters: A Review of Systems Research and Design Innovation

Solar Water Heaters: A Review of Systems Research and Design Innovation

Natural Circulation in a PWR for a Sinusoidal Heat Input: Analytical Model

Solar Water Heating: Active and Passive

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About