Theta and delta band activity explain N2 and P3 ERP component activity in a go/no-go task

Abstract

Objectives Recent work indicates that the feedback negativity (FN) and P3 components from gambling feedback tasks can be understood as mixtures of functionally distinct processes occurring separately in theta and delta frequency bands. The current study was conducted to assess whether dissociable processes occurring in the theta and delta bands would similarly account for activity underlying N2 and P3 components in a go/no-go task. Methods The current study measured EEG signals from 66 participants during a go/nogo task, and a time-frequency (TF) principal components analysis (PCA) decomposition approach was used to extract theta and delta measures from condition averages. Results Theta and delta measures separately increased in relation to response inhibition, and were uniquely related to the N2 and P3 components, as predicted. Conclusions Findings support the view that the theta and delta measures indexed separable processes related to response inhibition, and better indexed the processes underlying N2 and P3 components in this go/no-go task Significance Theta and delta measures may index separable functional processes across other common ERP tasks, and may represent an improved target for research relative to standard time-domain components.

Complementary roles of cortical oscillations in automatic and controlled processing during rapid serial tasks

“…Despite this observation, there is some evidence that theta oscillations have a role response inhibition. In contrast with Mazaheri et al, 2009, several studies have reported higher theta power in no-go trials over go trials, although this may be driven by differences in task parameters (Harmony et al, 2009;Harper et al, 2014;Kirmizi-Alsan et al, 2006;Nakata et al, 2013). Thus it remains unclear what is the role for frontal theta in inhibition of a predominant response, and further, what cortical signals may contribute to cognitive control over habitual responding (cf.…”

Feature extraction and classification for EEG signals using wavelet transform and machine learning techniques

“…Especially, the event-related potential (ERP) studies have reported the most significant findings of the delta band related to cognitive processing [44], i.e., the associations of the P300 component with the cognitive process [46]. This relationship has been widely reported in the cognitive neuroscience literature.…”

“…The EEG low frequency bands (delta and theta) have been reported by the cognitive neuroscientists as cognitive rhythms, and have been linked with cognitive and attention demanded tasks [43][44][45]. Especially, the event-related potential (ERP) studies have reported the most significant findings of the delta band related to cognitive processing [44], i.e., the associations of the P300 component with the cognitive process [46].…”

When the brain simulates stopping: Neural activity recorded during real and imagined stop-signal tasks

“…This wave is usually modulated by correctly or incorrectly inhibited responses, with larger amplitudes for unsuccessfully stopped (US) than for successfully stopped (SS) responses (Dimoska, Johnstone, & Barry, 2006;Kok et al, 2004;Ramautar et al, 2006). Time-frequency data have shown that the N2 is associated with theta oscillations (around 4-7 Hz) over fronto-central scalp areas, an activity also related to conflict detection and error processing (Harmony, Alba, Marroquín, & González-Frankenberger, 2009;Harper, Malone, & Bernat, 2014;Kirmizi-Alsan et al, 2006;Luu, Tucker, & Makeig, 2004;Müller & Anokhin, 2012). The neural generator of the N2 is presumed to be located around the dorsal portion of the anterior cingulate cortex (Botvinick, Cohen, & Carter, 2004;Braver, Barch, Gray, Molfese, & Snyder, 2001;Nieuwenhuis, Yeung, van den Wildenberg, & Ridderinkhof, 2003).…”