Theta Oscillations in Visual Cortex Emerge with Experience to Convey Expected Reward Time and Experienced Reward Rate

Zold, Camila Lidia; Shuler, Marshall G. Hussain

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0296-15.2015

Cited by 56 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The fact that default mode and salience networks are concurrently regulating and representing the internal milieu, while they are routinely engaged during a wide range of tasks spanning cognitive, perceptual, and emotion domains, all of which involve value-based decisionmaking and action 85 (e.g., [86][87][88] ; 29; for a review, see 87 ), suggest a provocative hypothesis for future research: whatever other psychological functions the default mode and salience networks are performing during any given brain state, they are simultaneously maintaining or attempting to restore allostasis and are integrating sensory representations of the internal milieu with the rest of the brain. Therefore, our results, when situated in the published literature, suggest that the default mode and salience networks create a highly connected functional ensemble for integrating information across the brain, with interoceptive and allostatic information at its core, even though it may not be apparent much of the time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Large-Scale Brain System Supporting Allostasis and Interoception in Humans

Kleckner

Zhang

Touroutoglou

et al. 2017

Preprint

108

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Large-scale intrinsic brain systems have been identified for exteroceptive senses (e.g., sight, hearing, touch). We introduce an analogous system for representing sensations from within the body, called interoception, and demonstrate its relation to regulating peripheral systems in the body, called allostasis. Employing the recently introduced Embodied Predictive Interoception Coding (EPIC) model, we used tract-tracing studies of macaque monkeys, followed by two intrinsic functional magnetic resonance imaging samples (N = 280 and N = 270) to evaluate the existence of an intrinsic allostatic/interoceptive system in the human brain. Another sample (N = 41) allowed us to evaluate the convergent validity of the hypothesized allostatic/interoceptive system by showing that individuals with stronger connectivity between system hubs performed better on an implicit index of interoceptive ability related to autonomic fluctuations. Implications include insights for the brain's functional architecture, dissolving the artificial boundary between mind and body, and unifying mental and physical illness.Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms * Corresponding authors: ian_kleckner@urmc.rochester.edu, l.barrett@neu.edu. ǂ Shared senior authorshipAuthor contributions: The study was designed by all the authors, analyzed by all the authors, and the manuscript was written by I.R.K. and L.F.B with comments and edits from other authors. Competing interests:The authors declare no competing interests. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript Nat Hum Behav. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 October 24.Published in final edited form as: Nat Hum Behav. 2017 ; 1: . doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0069. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptThe brain contains intrinsic systems for processing exteroceptive sensory inputs from the world, such as vision, audition, and proprioception/touch (e.g., 1 ). Accumulating evidence indicates that these systems work via the principles of predictive coding (e.g., 2-7 ), where sensations are anticipated and then corrected by sensory inputs from the world. The brain, as a generative system, models the world by predicting, rather than reacting to, sensory inputs.Predictions guide action and perception by continually constructing possible representations of the immediate future based on their prior probabilities relative to the present context 8,9 . We and others have recently begun studying the hypothesis that ascending sensory inputs from the organs and systems within the body's internal milieu are similarly anticipated and represented (i.e., autonomic visceral and vascular function, neuroendocrine fluctuations, and neuroimmune function) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . These sensations are referred to as interoception [17][18][19] .Engineering studies of neural design 20 , alo...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Large-Scale Brain System Supporting Allostasis and Interoception in Humans

Kleckner

Zhang

Touroutoglou

et al. 2017

Preprint

108

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Electrophysiology. House-made 1.2 mm length 16-channel shank electrodes were implanted into binocular primary visual cortex (from Bregma: posterior, 2.8 mm; lateral, 3.0 mm; ventral, 1.2 mm) of adult mice, anesthetized with 2.5% isoflurane in 100% O2, as previously described (Murase et al, 2017;Zold and Hussain Shuler, 2015) . Animals received a single dose of Carprofen (5 mg/kg, SQ) for post-surgical analgesia after the return of the righting reflex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of expression site and generalizability of experience-dependent plasticity in visual cortex

Lantz¹,

Murase²,

Quinlan³

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The experience-dependent decrease in stimulus detection thresholds that underly perceptual learning can be induced by repetitive exposure to a visual stimulus. Robust stimulus-selective potentiation of visual responses is induced in the primary mouse visual cortex by repetitive low frequency visual stimulation (LFVS). How the parameters of the repetitive visual stimulus impact the site and specificity of this experience-dependent plasticity is currently a subject of debate. Here we demonstrate that the stimulus selective response potentiation induced by repetitive low frequency (1 Hz) stimulation, which is typically limited to layer 4, shifts to superficial layers following manipulations that enhance plasticity in primary visual cortex. In contrast, repetitive high frequency (10 Hz) visual stimulation induces response potentiation that is expressed in layers 4 and 5/6, and generalizes to novel visual stimuli. Repetitive visual stimulation also induces changes in the magnitude and distribution of oscillatory activity in primary visual cortex, however changes in oscillatory power do not predict the locus or specificity of response potentiation. Instead we find that robust response potentiation is induced by visual stimulation that resets the phase of ongoing gamma oscillations. Furthermore, high frequency, but not low frequency, repetitive visual stimulation entrains oscillatory rhythms with enhanced sensitivity to phase reset, such that familiar and novel visual stimuli induce similar visual response potentiation.2

show abstract

“…One recent study showed that inactivation of the BF disrupts the global correlations of these cortical areas with other higher order cortical areas (Turchi et al, 2018). BF can also affect salience and reinforcement timing-related activity even in earlier sensory areas such as V1 (Shuler and Bear, 2006;Lin et al, 2015;Zold and Shuler, 2015). It is therefore likely that on a neuronal circuit level, stimulus-locked BF bursting may coordinate cortical activity in relation to external salient events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novelty and surprise-timing are broadcast by the basal forebrain

Zhang

Chen

Monosov

2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The basal forebrain (BF) is a principal source of modulation of the neocortex, and is thought to regulate cognitive functions such as attention, motivation, and learning by broadcasting information about the behavioral salience of events. An event can be salient because it is novel, surprising, or associated with reward prediction errors. But to date, the type of salience-related information the BF broadcasts is unclear. Here, we report that many BF neurons display phasic excitatory bursting that rapidly conveys the magnitude, probability, and timing of primary reinforcements. The same BF neurons also discriminate fully expected novel visual objects from familiar objects and respond to object-sequence violations, regardless of their relevance for subsequent behaviors, suggesting that they are not dedicated to signaling information about primary reinforcements. A different group of BF neurons displayed ramping activations that predicted the time of novel and surprising events. Their ramping was highly sensitive to the subjects' confidence in event timing. Hence, BF neurons signal statistics about time and salience. Their activity may organize cortical computations to facilitate accurate behavioral responses to a diverse set of expected and ongoing events.

show abstract

Theta Oscillations in Visual Cortex Emerge with Experience to Convey Expected Reward Time and Experienced Reward Rate

Cited by 56 publications

References 59 publications

Evidence for a Large-Scale Brain System Supporting Allostasis and Interoception in Humans

Evidence for a Large-Scale Brain System Supporting Allostasis and Interoception in Humans

Regulation of expression site and generalizability of experience-dependent plasticity in visual cortex

Novelty and surprise-timing are broadcast by the basal forebrain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About