“They are all alike”: When negative minority outgroups are generalized onto superordinate inclusive outgroups

Albarello, Flavia; Foroni, Francesco; Hewstone, Miles; Rubini, Monica

doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2019.08.003

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As in previous research ( Albarello et al, 2019 ), participants rated on 5-point Liker-type scales (1 = not at all, 5 = very much ) the extent to which they experienced “fear” and “concern” (α = 0.85) reading the information provided at the beginning of the research session (i.e., description of the groups and information on migrants). Participants’ demographics (i.e., age, gender, occupation, place of residence) were also assessed (see Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given these premises, an experimental study was conducted on a sample of first-year university students to examine whether realistic and symbolic intergroup threat (versus no-threat) lead to a reduced attribution of the inalienability of human rights to migrants. Realistic and symbolic threat were manipulated through previously employed scenarios (Albarello et al, 2017(Albarello et al, , 2019Albarello and Rubini, 2018). In order to deepen knowledge of the psychological processes that lead individuals to deny human rights to migrants when threats (e.g., realistic and symbolic threat) are activated, the study also considered detrimental (fraternalistic relative deprivation) and beneficial (in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain; identification with the human group) factors that could mediate such relation.…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once participants gave their informed consent, they were exposed to the threat manipulation and were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: no-threat, realistic threat, symbolic threat. Both realistic and symbolic threat were manipulated through a written scenario employed in previous research (Albarello et al, 2017(Albarello et al, , 2019Albarello and Rubini, 2018). The realistic threat scenario referred to the threat posed by migrants in terms of unemployment and costs of health and social welfare.…”

Section: Participants and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since intergroup threat has various effects on the mind, brain and behavior of social perceivers ( cf. Chang et al, 2016 ) related to group-protection and self-protection motives (e.g., high tendency to over-exclude potentially dangerous outgroupers; Krosch and Amodio, 2014 ; Albarello et al, 2019 ), it could also hinder the exploration of identity alternatives in the educational domain as a self-protective reaction ( hypothesis 4a ) and reduce the extent to which people identify with the common superinclusive ingroup that includes also migrants ( hypothesis 4b ).…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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At the roots of attribution of human rights to migrants

Albarello

Rubini

2022

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionThis study (N = 141, Mage = 20.15) aimed at deepening knowledge on the factors that can lead young adults to deny the inalienability of human rights to migrants by examining whether, under realistic and symbolic intergroup threat (versus no-threat), the denial of human rights to migrants increases. In doing so, the role of fraternalistic relative deprivation in mediating this relation was examined. Also, two potential positive factors were considered: in-depth exploration of personal identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group. Intergroup threat was expected to enhance perceived relative deprivation, thus reducing the attribution of human rights to migrants. Such relation was expected to be mediated by those factors expressing complex views of self and others (in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group).MethodRealistic and symbolic threat were experimentally manipulated through a written scenario. In the no-threat condition, no scenario was presented.ResultsShowed significant effects of intergroup threat on the attribution of human rights to migrants, on perceived fraternalistic relative deprivation, on in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group. More specifically, intergroup realistic threat, but not symbolic threat, reduced the attribution of human rights to migrants and identification with the human group. Symbolic threat, but not realistic threat, increased the perception of fraternalistic relative deprivation, whereas both realistic and symbolic threat reduced in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain, and identification with the human group. As shown by the sequential mediation analysis, and as expected, the effect of intergroup threat in reducing attribution of human rights to migrants was mediated by in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain, identification with the human group, and fraternalistic relative deprivation. Implications of findings concerning the processes underlying identification with the human group and its beneficial effects in terms of humanization of a stigmatized outgroup were highlighted by stressing the intertwined nature of personal identity and social identity processes. The importance of complex views of self and others in helping to create inclusive generations of adults was also highlighted.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participants and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

At the roots of attribution of human rights to migrants

Albarello

Rubini

2022

Front. Psychol.

Self Cite

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“…A significant amount of studies about Roma discrimination in Italy (Albarello et al 2019;Albarello et al 2017;Albarello and Rubini 2018;Villano et al 2017) point in the same direction: diminishing individuality and reducing heterogeneous group identity to unflattering homogeneous characteristics, which function as a common marker, allowing people to explain and rationalize social arrangements by making them appear legitimate and, somehow, natural (Villano et al 2017).…”

Section: Othering and Romaphobiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Framing “The Gypsy Problem”: Populist Electoral Use of Romaphobia in Italy (2014–2019)

Cervi

Tejedor

2020

Social Sciences

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Xenophobic arguments have long been at the center of the political discourse of the Lega party in Italy, nonetheless Matteo Salvini, the new leader, capitalizing on diffused Romaphobia, placed Roma people at the center of his political discourse, institutionalizing the “Camp visit” as an electoral event. Through the analysis of eight consecutive electoral campaigns, in a six year period, mixing computer-based quantitative and qualitative content analysis and framing analysis, this study aims to display how Roma communities are portrayed in Matteo Salvini’s discourse. The study describes how “Gypsies” are framed as a threat to society and how the proposed solution—a bulldozer to raze all of the camps to the ground—is presented as the only option. The paper concludes that representing Roma as an “enemy” that “lives among us”, proves to be the ideal tool to strengthen the “us versus them” tension, characteristic of populist discourse.

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Minority arguments on integration: Arabs in the Southern European state of Malta

Buhagiar,

Sammut

2023

Community & Applied Soc Psy

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Intercultural relations benefit from the social psychological study of arguments made by different groups about joint projects of mutual concern. This focus allows researchers to map representations of the project in question, among communities in different cultural milieus. This paper presents a study looking at Arabs' views on the project of integration. Arabs' perspectives revolved around six argumentative themes: cultural, economic, psychological, religio‐cultural, socio‐political or stigma‐related. After comparing all claims on integration across the communities involved (the Arab minority and the Maltese majority), we describe Arabs' positive, negative and mixed/ambivalent socio‐political claims in detail, complementing a previous study on majority views. This enables a discussion of Arabs' perspectives in view of the semiotic resources relevant to localised intercultural relations. Arabs' argumentative themes clearly reflect three key patterns: (a) social representation of integration as difficult but necessary, (b) minority representation of the majority group as being resistant to integration and (c) de‐essentialism of ingroup and outgroup. These patterns contrast with the majority members' arguments in significant ways. Findings are discussed theoretically in view of how minority arguments re‐present social processes to advance or resist intercultural projects, and substantively in terms of the application of these findings for ameliorating intercultural relations in local communities.

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“They are all alike”: When negative minority outgroups are generalized onto superordinate inclusive outgroups

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

At the roots of attribution of human rights to migrants

At the roots of attribution of human rights to migrants

Framing “The Gypsy Problem”: Populist Electoral Use of Romaphobia in Italy (2014–2019)

Minority arguments on integration: Arabs in the Southern European state of Malta

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