‘They are harsher to me than to my friend who is blonde’. Police critique among ethnic minority youth in Sweden

Abstract

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Ethnic Minority Youths’ Encounters With Private Security Guards: Unwelcome in the City Space

“…Finally, it would be important to study whether the perception of security guards differ according to, for instance, the ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, or neighborhood of the youth. It is documented in police research that these factors play a part in determining who the likely subjects of policing are (e.g., McAra & McVie, 2005, 2012Pettersson, 2013;Solhjell et al, 2019;Wästerfors & Burcar, 2019).…”

“…Despite much research regarding ethnic minorities and public police (e.g., Feinstein, 2015; Flacks, 2018; Madon et al, 2017; Van Craen, 2012; Wästerfors & Burcar, 2019), research on private policing is lacking. A few studies have examined how security guards and bouncers justify excluding ethnic minorities (Löfstrand, 2015; Søgaard, 2017).…”

“…Interest in studying police–citizen relations is growing, and more focus is being drawn to ethnic minorities’ perceptions of the public police. Prior research has highlighted intensive, disproportionate policing of ethnic minorities and subsequent negative relations and low trust among them and the police (Feinstein, 2015; Fine et al, 2003; Flacks, 2018; Keskinen et al, 2018; Madon et al, 2017; Murphy & Mazerolle, 2018; Van Craen, 2012; Wästerfors & Burcar, 2019). There is, however, an urgent need to pay more attention to ethnic minorities’ perceptions of security agents because recent years have witnessed a global growth in the private security sector.…”

“…A context in which the majority of citizens belong to one ethnic group and religion can be unwelcoming for immigrants, and ethnicity can be a striking marker of belonging (Christensen, 2009). Both the public and private policing systems in the Nordic countries have been accused of ethnic profiling and disproportionate policing (Keskinen et al, 2018; Löfstrand, 2015; Søgaard, 2017; Wästerfors & Burcar, 2019).…”

«Hele skolen trenger ikke den oppmerksomheten»

“…Denne studien belyser koblingen mellom sosial identitet og ulike, men hyppige politimøter. I den større nordiske studien (Haller et al, 2018;Solhjell, Saarikkomäki, Haller, Wästerfors, & Kolind, 2019;Wästerfors & Burcar Alm, 2019) fant vi at saerlig unge menn opplevde at de hyppige politimøtene gjorde at de var nødt til å tenke på seg selv som en trussel for den etnisk nordiske majoriteten fordi de stadig ble assosiert med politi og kriminalitet. I dette fokuset på skoler i Oslo øst og sør er det spesielt sammenhengen mellom etnisk mangfold, relativt større fattigdom sammenlignet med andre bydeler og frekventering av politi som utgjør et stigma.…”