‘They smell bad, have diseases, and are lazy’: RCMP Officers Reporting on Hippies in the Late Sixties

Martel, Marcel

doi:10.1353/can.0.0178

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Four groups were expected to elicit relatively high disgust; male hippies, obese females, obese males, and "White trash" or "trailer trash." Obese people, hippies (an American subculture with origins in a 1960s youth movement), and White trash are linked to impure and disgust-related stereotypes (Fiske et al, 2002;Martel, 2009;Vartanian, 2010). Two additional groups were expected to elicit relatively low disgust: Asian males and Black males.…”

Section: Pilot Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Group-based discrimination in judgments of moral purity-related behaviors: Experimental and archival evidence.

Masicampo¹,

Barth²,

Ambady³

2014

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Knowledge of individuals' group membership can alter moral judgments of their behavior. We found that such moral judgments were amplified when judgers learned that a person belonged to a group shown to elicit disgust in others. When a person was labeled as obese, a hippie, or "trailer trash," people judged that person's behavior differently than when such descriptors were omitted: Virtuous behaviors were more highly praised, and moral violations were more severely criticized. Such group-based discrimination in moral judgment was specific to the domain of moral purity. Members of disgust-eliciting groups but not members of other minorities were the target of harsh judgments for purity violations (e.g., lewd behavior) but not for other violations (e.g., refusing to help others). The same pattern held true for virtuous behaviors, so that members of disgust-eliciting groups were more highly praised than others but only in the purity domain. Furthermore, group-based discrimination was mediated by feelings of disgust toward the target group but not by other emotions. Last, analysis of New York Police Department officers' encounters with suspected criminals revealed a similar pattern to that found in laboratory experiments. Police officers were increasingly likely to make an arrest or issue a summons as body mass index increased (i.e., as obesity rose) among people suspected of purity crimes (e.g., prostitution) but not of other crimes (e.g., burglary). Thus, moral judgments in the lab and in the real world exhibit patterns of discrimination that are both group and behavior specific.

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Section: Pilot Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Group-based discrimination in judgments of moral purity-related behaviors: Experimental and archival evidence.

Masicampo¹,

Barth²,

Ambady³

2014

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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“…However, only 5 per cent (51) of those arrests were for violent offences; the majority were for drunkenness (528), followed by possession, use, or sale of marijuana and hashish (178), the fastest-growing category of offence in Canada at the time. 74 When compared to the non-mall years for which statistics are available specifically for the street-1977 and 1978-the numbers are comparable, with the notable exception of alcoholrelated offences, which were higher during the mall. 75 Of the fifty-six major incidents cited in the police report, all but six occurred in the evening or at night; more than half took place between midnight and 4 a.m., mostly on Fridays and Saturdays.…”

Section: An "Orgy Of Lawlessness"?mentioning

confidence: 98%

The Politics of Public Space: Toronto’s Yonge Street Pedestrian Mall, 1971–1974

Ross¹

2018

Urban History Review

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“…Marcel Martel has shown that the RCMP had a long history of using undercover surveillance to infiltrate radical and seemingly subversive organizations. 46 Under the directorship of John Starnes, of the RCMP's Security Services, the youth counterculture was the target of numerous intelligence operations. 47 A federal youth hostel was the ideal location for covert operations.…”

Section: Vancouver's Hairy Hostel Dwellers: Battle Lines On Beatty Streetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Youth Hostels and Hostile Locals: Vancouver’s ‘Battle of Jericho,’ 1970

Mahood

2020

Urban History Review

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Chasing tourist dollars was a necessity for many following the Second World War. However, few people in the summers of 1968 and 1969 could have escaped the sight of hundreds of fashionably penniless baby boomers hitchhiking along roads on their “annual summer trek”. Municipal authorities began to receive complaints about “scruffy young people” panhandling and sleeping rough in cities and towns along the Trans-Canada Highway. Tourism, wanted and unwanted, has the capacity to cause conflict between travelers and locals. In 1970, federally funded youth hostels became the focus of Trudeau’s Liberal government’s need to manage youth unemployment as well as radicalism on university campuses. The focus of this article is youth travel to Vancouver and Vancouverites’ responses to the National Hostel Task Force, which led to sit-ins and police-youth and youth-youth conflict, which culminated in the “Battle of Jericho”. Drawing on contemporary mainstream and university newspaper accounts, Vancouver City Police reports, RCMP intelligence files and activities at University of British Columbia, this article argues that failure to understand the diverse needs of Canada’s young people turned youth tourism into the transient youth problem in the summer of 1970.

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‘They smell bad, have diseases, and are lazy’: RCMP Officers Reporting on Hippies in the Late Sixties

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Group-based discrimination in judgments of moral purity-related behaviors: Experimental and archival evidence.

Group-based discrimination in judgments of moral purity-related behaviors: Experimental and archival evidence.

The Politics of Public Space: Toronto’s Yonge Street Pedestrian Mall, 1971–1974

Youth Hostels and Hostile Locals: Vancouver’s ‘Battle of Jericho,’ 1970

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