Thiacalix[4]arene derivatives as extractants for metal ions in aqueous solutions: Application to the selective facilitated transport of Ag(I)

Liquid–liquid extraction and transport across supported liquid membrane of phenol using tributyl phosphate

“…The phenol concentration in the receiving solution is not constant but increases as a function of time. From the slope of the straight line (at time tending to zero, negligible diffusion lag time) obtained when plotting the phenol concentration in the receiving phase as a function of time, the initial flux (J) can be calculated according to the following equation [11][12][13]23]:…”

“…Supported liquid membrane (SLM), which employs a microporous membrane impregnated with a solvent containing complexing carrier (extractant) to separate the source (feed) and receiving (strip) phases, represents one of the most useful types of liquid membrane, as it combines the processes of extraction, diffusion, stripping and regeneration in a single step [9,10]. This liquid membrane design has been widely applied to study the transport of individual species such as metal ions, weak acids and bases, hydrocarbons, biologically important compounds, and gaseous mixtures [9][10][11][12][13][14][15], as well as the separation of multicomponent mixtures [16,17]. SLM system offers numerous process advantages such as low capital investment and operating cost, low energy consumption, low liquid membrane requirement and simple to operate and easy to scale up [9,10].…”

Recovery of high-purity silver directly from dilute effluents by an emulsion liquid membrane-crystallization process

“…Identifying the appropriate carrier is of paramount importance for increasing the selectivity of a LM process, but is often time-consuming and costly. Studies have focused mainly on searching for a high-selectivity carrier(s) to improve the efficiency of separating silver from other metals [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Compared with SLM, the mass transfer velocity (mol/s) is higher in an ELM process because of the larger area of the interface.…”

A Review on Gas Separation Applications of Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes

“…The advantages of SLM separation technology makes them one of the best alternatives to the conventional methods for the recovery of toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions, weak acids and bases, hydrocarbons, biologically important compounds, gases and gaseous mixtures [5][6][7][8][9] as well as the separation of multicomponent mixtures [10,11]. Reduction of solute flux and membrane selectivity are reasons for relative instability and short lifetime that result in the limitation of industrial and current applications of SLMs [12,13].…”