Thiamin Accumulation and Growth Inhibition in Yeasts

Nakamura, Ichiro; Ohmura, Yuki; Nagami, Yoichi; Kamihara, Teijiro; Fukui, Saburô

doi:10.1099/00221287-128-11-2601

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Thiamine addition to the propagation medium inhibited fermentation performance in CSH medium. Growth inhibition by thiamine in S. cerevisiae cultures has previously been observed, possibly due to the depletion of intracellular pyridoxine (Nakamura et al 1982 ). The reason for difference in growth inhibition by thiamine in CSH and WSH cultures observed in the present study could be due to presence of different inhibitors in the respective hydrolysates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nutrient-supplemented propagation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves its lignocellulose fermentation ability

et al. 2020

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Propagation conditions have been shown to be of considerable importance for the fermentation ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The limited tolerance of yeast to inhibitors present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates is a major challenge in second-generation bioethanol production. We have investigated the hypothesis that the addition of nutrients during propagation leads to yeast cultures with improved ability to subsequently ferment lignocellulosic materials. This hypothesis was tested with and without short-term adaptation to wheat straw or corn stover hydrolysates during propagation of the yeast. The study was performed using the industrial xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae strain CR01. Adding a mixture of pyridoxine, thiamine, and biotin to unadapted propagation cultures improved cell growth and ethanol yields during fermentation in wheat straw hydrolysate from 0.04 g g −1 to 0.19 g g −1 and in corn stover hydrolysate from 0.02 g g −1 to 0.08 g g −1. The combination of short-term adaptation and supplementation with the vitamin mixture during propagation led to ethanol yields of 0.43 g g −1 in wheat straw hydrolysate fermentation and 0.41 g g −1 in corn stover hydrolysate fermentation. These ethanol yields were improved compared to ethanol yields from cultures that were solely short-term adapted (0.37 and 0.33 g g −1). Supplementing the propagation medium with nutrients in combination with short-term adaptation was thus demonstrated to be a promising strategy to improve the efficiency of industrial lignocellulosic fermentation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nutrient-supplemented propagation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves its lignocellulose fermentation ability

et al. 2020

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“…Indeed, several reports have shown significant up-regulation of thiamin metabolism genes in fermenting yeast cells in various industrial settings including wine, sake, and bread dough (Rossignol et al 2003;Tanaka et al 2006;Wu et al 2006), and in yeast cells cultivated in sugarcane molasses (Shima et al 2005), indicating that there is a high demand for thiamin (and its precursors) under these industrial conditions. However, it is well known that for S. cerevisiae, as well as for other members of the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex, the presence of thiamin in the medium has a negative effect on the initial growth phase of the yeast cells, although it does not affect the final cell density (Minami et al 1982;Nakamura et al 1982;Kamihara and Nakamura 1984). This thiamin-induced growth inhibition has been extensively studied in yeast, and is a consequence of the repressing effect of this vitamin on PLP biosynthesis (Minami et al 1982;Nakamura et al 1982;Kamihara and Nakamura 1984;Hohmann and Meacock 1998;RodriguezNavarro et al 2002;Mojzita and Hohmann 2006;Nosaka 2006).…”

Section: Phenotypic Consequence Of the Amplified Sno/snz Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This thiamin-induced growth inhibition has been extensively studied in yeast, and is a consequence of the repressing effect of this vitamin on PLP biosynthesis (Minami et al 1982;Nakamura et al 1982;Kamihara and Nakamura 1984;Hohmann and Meacock 1998;RodriguezNavarro et al 2002;Mojzita and Hohmann 2006;Nosaka 2006). Due to the resultant marked decrease in cellular vitamin B6 (e.g., pyridoxine) content, many metabolic pathways are repressed, including a pronounced lowering of d-aminolevulinate synthase activity and decreased synthesis of heme, with consequent lowering of respiration and a significant alteration in membrane lipid composition due to inhibition of sterol and unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis (Minami et al 1982;Nakamura et al 1982;Kamihara and Nakamura 1984).…”

Section: Phenotypic Consequence Of the Amplified Sno/snz Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial fuel ethanol yeasts contain adaptive copy number changes in genes involved in vitamin B1 and B6 biosynthesis

Stambuk¹,

Dunn²,

Alves³

et al. 2009

Genome Res.

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Fuel ethanol is now a global energy commodity that is competitive with gasoline. Using microarray-based comparative genome hybridization (aCGH), we have determined gene copy number variations (CNVs) common to five industrially important fuel ethanol Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains responsible for the production of billions of gallons of fuel ethanol per year from sugarcane. These strains have significant amplifications of the telomeric SNO and SNZ genes, which are involved in the biosynthesis of vitamins B6 (pyridoxine) and B1 (thiamin). We show that increased copy number of these genes confers the ability to grow more efficiently under the repressing effects of thiamin, especially in medium lacking pyridoxine and with high sugar concentrations. These genetic changes have likely been adaptive and selected for in the industrial environment, and may be required for the efficient utilization of biomass-derived sugars from other renewable feedstocks.

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“…Thiamin added to a vitamin B,-free medium causes severe reduction of respiratory activity and depression of aerobic growth of Saccharomyces yeasts (Nakamura et al, 1974(Nakamura et al, , 1981(Nakamura et al, , 1982. The thiamin-induced respiratory deficiency is due to the block of haem biosynthesis at the 6aminolaevulinate synthase-catalysing step (Nakamura et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thiamin-induced Vitamin B6 Deficiency on NAD- and NADP-linked Glutamate Dehydrogenases in Yeast

Nakamura¹,

Ohmura

Kamihara

1983

Microbiology

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Thiamin-grown cells of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis exhibited decreased activity of NADlinked glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD-GDH) and, in contrast, increased activity of NADPlinked glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP-GDH), as compared with control cells. Normal levels of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities were restored by adding pyridoxine. 6-Aminolaevulinate also prevented the thiamin-induced decrease in NAD-GDH activity, but had no effect on the increase in NADP-GDH activity. NAD-GDH activity was decreased similarly under anaerobic conditions, but NADP-GDH activity was little affected. High concentrations of glucose brought about a decrease in NAD-GDH activity and an increase in NADP-GDH activity, as observed in the thiamin-grown cells. When glycerol was used as carbon source in place of glucose, the thiamin effect on GDH activities was not marked. These results suggest that GDH enzymes are independently controlled by thiamin. NAD-GDH activity is decreased mainly through the thiamin-induced respiratory deficiency, and the increase in NADP-GDH activity is due to the thiamin-enhanced glucose effect. Amino acid metabolism seemed not to be involved in the thiamin effect on GDH activities since the intracellular pools of NH,+ and glutamate were not altered by thiamin. The activities of glutamateoxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase were not influenced greatly by thiamin, unlike the activity of b-aminolaevulinate synthase.

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Thiamin Accumulation and Growth Inhibition in Yeasts

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Nutrient-supplemented propagation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves its lignocellulose fermentation ability

Nutrient-supplemented propagation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves its lignocellulose fermentation ability

Industrial fuel ethanol yeasts contain adaptive copy number changes in genes involved in vitamin B1 and B6 biosynthesis

Effect of Thiamin-induced Vitamin B6 Deficiency on NAD- and NADP-linked Glutamate Dehydrogenases in Yeast

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