Thiamine for Alzheimer's disease

Rodríguez, José‐Luis; Qizilbash, Nawab; López‐Arrieta, Jess

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001498

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been suggested from animal studies that thiamine deficiency damages neurons and results in tissue loss in the brain [ 46 ]. It has been hypothesised that therapeutic doses of thiamin intake may be beneficial in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases [ 16 ], however our review does not support that view for healthy older adults.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…Additionally, post-mortems show decreased activity of two major thiamine dependent enzymes in AD patients compared to age and gender matched cognitively intact controls [ 15 ]. In a review of randomized controlled trials involving high-dose thiamine supplementation of >3 mg/day, outcomes on cognitive function were inconsistent [ 16 ]. Overall, the evidence was not convincing due to small sample sizes and the use of inappropriate study design such as a cross-over study, which is unsuitable for progressive diseases, such as AD [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Dietary Protein and Thiamine Intakes on Cognitive Function in Healthy Older People: A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

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The effectiveness of nutritional interventions to prevent and maintain cognitive functioning in older adults has been gaining interest due to global population ageing. A systematic literature review was conducted to obtain and appraise relevant studies on the effects of dietary protein or thiamine on cognitive function in healthy older adults. Studies that reported on the use of nutritional supplementations and/or populations with significant cognitive impairment were excluded. Seventeen eligible studies were included. Evidence supporting an association between higher protein and/or thiamine intakes and better cognitive function is weak. There was no evidence to support the role of specific protein food sources, such as types of meat, on cognitive function. Some cross-sectional and case-control studies reported better cognition in those with higher dietary thiamine intakes, but the data remains inconclusive. Adequate protein and thiamine intake is more likely associated with achieving a good overall nutritional status which affects cognitive function rather than single nutrients. A lack of experimental studies in this area prevents the translation of these dietary messages for optimal cognitive functioning and delaying the decline in cognition with advancing age.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Dietary Protein and Thiamine Intakes on Cognitive Function in Healthy Older People: A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

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“…Treating with Ginkgo biloba leaf extract and D -galactose simultaneously activated PKB, protecting the cells from apoptotic cell death. However, treatment with Ginkgo biloba leaf extract after dementia model rats were established did not cause apparent changes in the level of TUNEL-positive cells Clinical trials showed that Ginkgo biloba leaf extract[19],[20], selegiline, or -tocopherol (vitamin E) and thiamine (vitamin B1)[21] have been reported as secondary protective agents against dementia[22]. The largest known Ginkgo biloba leaf extract trial published thus far, in which primary outcome measures included the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale, the Geriatric Evaluation by Relative's Rating Instrument and the Clinical Global Impression of Change, showed the superiority of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract over the placebo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract improves the cognitive abilities of rats with D-galactose induced dementia

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Geng³

et al. 2013

J Biomed Res

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Standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extract has been used in clinical trials for its beneficial effects on brain functions, particularly in dementia. Substantial experimental evidences indicated that Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (EGB) protected neuronal cells from a variety of insults. We investigated the effect of EGB on cognitive ability and protein kinase B (PKB) activity in hippocampal neuronal cells of dementia model rats. Rats received an intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose to induce dementia. Forty-eight Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, including the control group, D-galactose group (Gal), low-dose EGB group (EGB-L), mid-dose EGB group (EGB-M), high-dose EGB group (EGB-H) and treatment group. The EGB-L, EGB-M and EGB-H groups were administered with EGB and D-galactose simultaneously. Y-maze, cresyl violet staining, TUNEL assays and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to detect learning and memory abilities, morphological changes in the hippocampus, neuronal apoptosis and the expressing level of phospho-PKB, respectively. Rats in the Gal group showed decreased abilities of learning and memory, and hippocampal pyramidal cell layer was damaged, while EGB administration improved learning and memory abilities. The Gal group exhibited many stained, condensed nuclei and micronuclei, either isolated or within the cytoplasm of cells (39.5±1.4). Apoptotic cells decreased in the groups of EGB-L (35.9±0.9), EGB-M (16.8±1.0) and EGB-H (10.1±0.8), and there were statistical significances compared with the Gal group. Immunoreactivity of phospho-PKB was localized diffusely throughout the cytosol of cells in all groups, while the immunoreactivity of the Gal group was weak. EGB significantly attenuated learning and memory impairment in a dose-dependent manner, while it could decrease the nmber of TUNEL-positive cells, and increase the activity of PKB. Our results demonstrated that EGB attenuated memory impairment and cell apoptosis in galactose-induced dementia model rats by activating PKB.

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“…Although grain-based foods may offer a combination of vitamins and their lifelong intake may play a positive role in maintaining brain health and cognition, doses used in many intervention studies suggest that the amounts of vitamins delivered by grain-based foods may provide a baseline but have little clinical impact for reducing or treating high Hcy levels and, thus, the ultimate impact on Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease (73,79,128). Documented poor dietary intakes and impaired utilization of these vitamins, especially among older adults, may play an exacerbating role in these diseases, and grain-based foods could help address this deficit.…”

Section: Vitamin B 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thiamine for Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

Role of Dietary Protein and Thiamine Intakes on Cognitive Function in Healthy Older People: A Systematic Review

Role of Dietary Protein and Thiamine Intakes on Cognitive Function in Healthy Older People: A Systematic Review

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract improves the cognitive abilities of rats with D-galactose induced dementia

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