Thiamine supplementation modulates oxidative stress by inhibiting hepatic adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation in obese diabetic rats

Abstract

Diabetic hyperglycemia is typically accompanied by various protein modifications, indicating hyperglycemic glucotoxicity. Overactivation of poly [adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress-related diseases including diabetes and its complications. Furthermore, obesity and diabetes are known to be associated with a substantial risk of chronic liver disease. We have previously reported that thiamine supplementation prevented obesity and diabetes-related liver disease. As a step forward, in the present study, we focus on hepatic ADP-ribosylation that reflects PARP-1 activation and an increased oxidative stress condition. Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were randomly divided into the following groups: thiamine-supplemented and unsupplemented control groups. The thiamine-supplemented group received 2 g of thiamine/L of drinking water for 33 weeks. ADP-ribosylated protein expression was analyzed in the livers of OLETF rats using Western blotting. Moreover, the fasting blood glucose level was measured in these rats. The obese diabetic OLETF rats exhibited high ADP-ribosylated protein expression in the liver. Interestingly, hepatic ADP-ribosylated protein expression and fasting blood glucose levels were lower in the thiamine-supplemented OLETF group than in the control OLETF group. These results suggest that thiamine supplementation attenuates oxidative stress by inhibiting hepatic ADP-ribosylation in OLETF rats. The beneficial effect of high-dose thiamine on oxidative stress-related diseases could be attributed to its inhibitory effect on PARP-1 activation, in addition to its role as a coenzyme. Furthermore, we found that thiamine supplementation prevented fasting hyperglycemia, suggesting that high-dose thiamine modifies the hepatic glucose metabolism and obesity-induced hepatic insulin resistance.

Obesity-related hypertension and enhanced plasma orexin-A level are attenuated by the consumption of thiamine water in diabetic rats under cerebral oxidative stress conditions

“…We recently determined the beneficial effect of longterm consumption of thiamine water in obese diabetic rats (Kohda et al, 2012(Kohda et al, , 2017Tanaka et al, 2010). Daily consumption of water containing thiamine may enable modulation of oxidative stress-related diseases, such as diabetes and its complications (Kohda et al, 2019). In this study, after consuming thiamine in drinking water for 28 weeks, body weight gain and high blood pressure were significantly ameliorated in obese diabetic rats.…”

“…We recently established that long-term consumption of thiamine water by obese diabetic rats leads to reduced obesity and metabolic disorders (Tanaka et al, 2010;Kohda et al, 2012Kohda et al, , 2017. In addition, we found that drinking thiamine water daily may modulate oxidative stress-related diseases, such as diabetes and its complications (Kohda et al, 2019). Orexin-A has been suggested to control hypertension, feeding behavior, and obesity (Sakurai et al, 1998;Shirasaka et al, 1999;Zhou et al, 2015).…”

Brain CT Study of Vitamin B1 Deficiency in Infants

“…Vitamin is a water-soluble vitamin [8] containing amino and sulfur elements, so it is also known as thiamine. What we can buy on the market is usually thiamine hydrochloride or nitrate [9]. V has an important nutritional and health care function in our body, which participates in the important link of carbohydrate metabolism and heat metabolism in our body, so V demand is calculated according to the proportion of individual body heat consumption.…”