Thierry's spatulas: A greater risk factor for obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS)?

Vieira, Catarina; Sousa, Natacha; Teixeira, Neusa; Reis, Isabel

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.08.354

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2021

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“…Full-text reviews were carried out for 23 studies (Figure 1). Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, 6,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] eight studies 8,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45] were excluded because data were not available in the appropriate format, 8,39-43 or because they were preliminary reports. 44,45 The included and excluded studies are described in Table S2.…”

Section: Re Sultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatulas for operative vaginal birth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Grillo‐Ardila

Páez-Castellanos

Bolaños-Palacios

et al. 2021

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Operative vaginal birth is any birth in which fetal extraction is assisted using obstetric forceps or ventouses. 1 This intervention represents an alternative to address problems during the second stage of labor, bringing delivery to a safe conclusion. 2 Indications for operative vaginal birth can be divided into prophylactic and therapeutic, maternal or fetal (e.g. maternal cardiac disease or non-reassuring fetal status). [3][4][5] Although unknown, the exact frequency of operative vaginal birth is estimated to range between 0.3% and 16%. 1,3,[6][7][8] The selection of the instrument to assist fetal extraction is the result of the interaction of variables such as availability, professional training,

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