Thin-Core-Fiber-Based Long-Period Fiber Grating for High-Sensitivity Refractive Index Measurement

Fu, Cailing; Zhong, Xiaoyong; Liao, Changrui; Wang, Yiping; Liu, Shen; Wang, Qiao

doi:10.1109/jphot.2015.2493721

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 1, the authors demonstrated a SLPFG fabrication system, consisting of an industrial CO 2 laser (SYNRAD 48-1), an electric shutter, a ZNSE PO/CX lens, a four-times beam expander, and a three-dimensional stage, based on an improved two-dimensional scanning technique by use of a focused CO 2 laser [28,29,31,32,48,74]. An improved stability and reproducibility of the fabrication system is attributed to the employed closed loop control system.…”

Section: Fabricationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, an asymmetrical SLPFG was also inscribed in a thin core fiber (TCF) [32]. A local high temperature resulting from the repeated scanning of the CO 2 laser created a local high temperature in the TCF, which led to the melting and gasification of SiO 2 on the fiber surface.…”

Section: Fabricationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscope image and transmission spectrum of the CO 2 -laser-inscribed SLPFGs in ( a ) single mode fiber (SMF) [28] and ( b ) thin core fiber (TCF) [32]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following this, the fabrications and applications of LPFGs, including SLPFGs and HLPGs, were rapidly developed. Various methods to fabricate the LPFG, such as CO 2 laser [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32], arc discharge [33,34,35,36,37,38], hydrogen–oxygen flame heating [13,14,15,16,17,22], femtosecond laser [39,40], mechanical micro-bend [41,42], etched corrugations [43,44], and ion beam implantation [45], have been proposed and demonstrated. One of the key steps of fabricating the LPFG is to introduce periodic refractive index modulation in the fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Fabrications and Applications of Heating-Induced Long Period Fiber Gratings

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Sensors

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This paper presents a review of our work concerning the recent progress in fabrications and applications of heating-induced long period fiber gratings (LPFGs). Firstly, three kinds of heating fabrication techniques based on CO2 laser, hydrogen–oxygen flame and arc discharge are demonstrated to fabricate LPFGs, i.e., standard LPFGs (SLPFGs) and helical LPFGs (HLPFGs), in different types of optical fibers such as conventional fibers, photonic crystal fibers, and photonic bandgap fibers. Secondly, the all-fiber orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode converters based on heating-induced SLPFGs and HLPFGs in different types of fibers are studied to increase the transmission capacity. Finally, the heating-induced SLPFGs and HLPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based strain, pressure, torsion and biochemical sensors.

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Section: Fabricationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fabricationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscope image and transmission spectrum of the CO 2 -laser-inscribed SLPFGs in ( a ) single mode fiber (SMF) [28] and ( b ) thin core fiber (TCF) [32]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Fabrications and Applications of Heating-Induced Long Period Fiber Gratings

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…Several methods were proposed to improve the aqueous-solution RI sensitivity of LPGs, including coating the gratings with a higher RI material to increase the equivalent surrounding RI [ 11 ], reducing the cladding size so that the effective cladding-mode index is closer to the sensing solution [ 12 , 13 ], and designing the gratings so that the cladding mode operates near the phase-matching turning point (PMTP) [ 14 ]. Of these techniques, the PMTP method is the simplest way to enhance the RI sensitivity [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Characterization of Cascaded Long-Period Gratings Operating near the Phase-Matching Turning Point

Zhou

Ran

Yan

et al. 2020

Sensors

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We characterized a cascaded long-period gratings (LPGs)-based sensor that was operating at the phase-matching turning point (PMTP). The cascaded LPGs constructed an in-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), which exhibited a series of high-quality-factor (Q) narrow-bandwidth resonance peaks. As the LPG operated at the PMTP, the proposed sensor showed an ultrahigh refractive index (RI) and temperature sensitivity, and high measurement precision. In this study, we took an in-depth look at the effects of grating separation on Q-factor and sensitivity. The results showed that the sensitivity to the surrounding refractive index (SRI) reached 4741.5 nm/RIU at 1.4255 and 2138 nm/RIU, over the range of 1.335–1.373. In addition, the temperature sensitivity was around 4.84 nm/°C. With a 0.02 nm wavelength resolution, the RI and temperature sensing limits were 9.3 × 10−6 RIU and 5.5 × 10−3 °C.

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Optical Refractive Index Sensors with Plasmonic and Photonic Structures: Promising and Inconvenient Truth

Bai

Zhou

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

359

193

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Optical sensors are widely used for refractive index measurement in chemical, biomedical and food processing industries. Due to specific field distribution of the resonances excited, optical sensors provide high sensitivity to ambient refractive index variations. The sensitivity of optical sensor is highly dependent on material and structure of the sensor. Here, we review six major categories of optical refractive index sensors using plasmonic and photonic structures: (i) metal-based propagating plasmonic eigenwave structures, (ii) metal-based localized plasmonic eigenmode structures, (iii) dielectric-based propagating photonic eigenwave structures, (iv) dielectric-based localized photonic eigenmode structures, (v) advanced hybrid structures, and (vi) 2D material integrated structures. Representative configurations working in the wavelength range of 400−2000 nm will be selected and compared in terms of bulk refractive index sensitivities, figure of merits and working wavelengths. A technology map is established in order to define the standard and development trend for optical refractive index sensors.

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Thin-Core-Fiber-Based Long-Period Fiber Grating for High-Sensitivity Refractive Index Measurement

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Recent Progress in Fabrications and Applications of Heating-Induced Long Period Fiber Gratings

Recent Progress in Fabrications and Applications of Heating-Induced Long Period Fiber Gratings

Sensitivity Characterization of Cascaded Long-Period Gratings Operating near the Phase-Matching Turning Point

Optical Refractive Index Sensors with Plasmonic and Photonic Structures: Promising and Inconvenient Truth

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