Thin domain wide electrode (TDWE) phantoms for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)

Bera, Tushar Kanti; Chowdhury, Arijit; Mandai, Hiranmoy; Kar, Kalyan; Haider, Animesh; Nagaraju, J.

doi:10.1109/c3it.2015.7060223

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, the equipotential surface obtained from the numerical analysis displays an equivalent flat equipotential surface of length l eq = 2r for the given condition. Previous studies on electrical impedance tomography (EIT) have noted changes in the electrical field and equipotential surface for different electrode configurations around the perimeter of a circular cross-section [19][20][21]. However, such previous studies are primarily focused on the tomographic results, and the changes in the shape of the equipotential surface have not been adequately modelled.…”

Section: Distortion Of the Equipotential Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and Numerical Study on Electrical Resistivity Measurement of Cylindrical Rock Core Samples Using Perimeter Electrodes

et al. 2021

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The estimation of hydraulic and mechanical properties of bedrock is important for the evaluation of energy-related structures, including high-level nuclear waste repositories, hydraulic fracturing wells, and gas-hydrate production wells. The hydraulic conductivity and stress–strain curves of rocks are conventionally measured through laboratory tests on cylindrical samples. Both ASTM standards for hydraulic conductivity and compressive strength involve the use of the planar bases of a cylindrical sample. Hence, an alternative test method is required for the simultaneous measurement of hydraulic conductivity and stress–strain curves. This study proposes a novel electrical resistivity estimation method using two perimeter electrodes for the estimation of hydraulic properties. The theoretical background for the perimeter electrode setup is derived and the COMSOL MultiPhysics® finite element numerical simulation tool is employed to verify the derived theoretical equation. The accuracy of the numerical simulation tool is first validated by simulating the ASTM standard testing method for electrical resistivity. The electrical resistance values derived from the theoretical equation and numerical simulation are compared for different electrical resistivity and electrode radius. The assumed equidistant, circular equipotential surface results in a theoretical lower bound for the measured electrical resistance in the cylindrical specimen. The introduction of a phenomenological distortion factor to correct for the theoretical equipotential surface results in a good fit with the numerical simulation results. The effects of electrode length and equivalent strap electrodes were investigated to assess the applicability of the suggested method for laboratory testing. Consequently, this study presents an effective alternative theoretical assessment method for the lower bound electrical resistivity of cylindrical rock core samples under confining conditions when the installation of base electrodes is infeasible.

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Section: Distortion Of the Equipotential Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and Numerical Study on Electrical Resistivity Measurement of Cylindrical Rock Core Samples Using Perimeter Electrodes

et al. 2021

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“…Conductive copper and insulative nylon objects, which resemble the human heart and lungs, are inserted into the container to simulate perturbations in the conductive medium. This type of phantom is very hard to reproduce the same measurement result due to the fluctuation in conductivity, such as the exact placement of objects, evaporation of saline water, and its concentration [21], [22], [25], [28]. (ii) Mesh phantom consists of a network of resistors soldered onto the printed circuit board (PCB), where the topology of interconnection creates the corresponding shape, size, and conductivity distribution [30], [31], [37], [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Automation of a Dynamic Thorax-Like Mesh Phantom for Evaluating the Performance of Electrical Impedance Tomography System

Guo

Huang

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Instrum. Meas.

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Phantoms are used to evaluate, calibrate, and compare the performance of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) systems. This paper presents a dynamic thorax-like mesh phantom, which mimics the changes in electrical conductivity distribution within a human thorax at different time frames. Furthermore, element merging and contour smoothing, electrode placement techniques, and PCB design automation methods are proposed to simplify, optimize the mesh phantom, and reduce the hardware implementation cost. To verify the accuracy of the mesh phantom and its PCB, SPICE simulations and experimental testings are performed to obtain the conductance of the mesh phantom and reconstruct the images through the EIDORS software. These images achieve an image correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.680 (model versus SPICE simulation) and 0.9098 (SPICE simulation versus measurement result), respectively. This demonstrates the validity of our proposed dynamic thorax-like mesh phantom.

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Electrical impedance tomography image reconstruction for lung monitoring based on ensemble learning algorithms1

Al‐Bashir,

Al‐Bataiha,

Hafsa

et al. 2024

Healthcare Tech Letters

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Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a promising non‐invasive imaging technique that visualizes the electrical conductivity of an anatomic structure to form based on measured boundary voltages. However, the EIT inverse problem for the image reconstruction is nonlinear and highly ill‐posed. Therefore, in this work, a simulated dataset that mimics the human thorax was generated with boundary voltages based on given conductivity distributions. To overcome the challenges of image reconstruction, an ensemble learning method was proposed. The ensemble method combines several convolutional neural network models, which are the simple Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, AlexNet, AlexNet with residual block, and the modified AlexNet model. The ensemble models’ weights selection was based on average technique giving the best coefficient of determination (R2 score). The reconstruction quality is quantitatively evaluated by calculating the root mean square error (RMSE), the coefficient of determination (R2 score), and the image correlation coefficient (ICC). The proposed method's best performance is an RMSE of 0.09404, an R2 score of 0.926186, and an ICC of 0.95783 using an ensemble model. The proposed method is promising as it can construct valuable images for clinical EIT applications and measurements compared to previous studies.

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Thin domain wide electrode (TDWE) phantoms for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Theoretical and Numerical Study on Electrical Resistivity Measurement of Cylindrical Rock Core Samples Using Perimeter Electrodes

Theoretical and Numerical Study on Electrical Resistivity Measurement of Cylindrical Rock Core Samples Using Perimeter Electrodes

Design Automation of a Dynamic Thorax-Like Mesh Phantom for Evaluating the Performance of Electrical Impedance Tomography System

Electrical impedance tomography image reconstruction for lung monitoring based on ensemble learning algorithms1

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