Thin-film cathodes for secondary lithium batteries

Fragnaud, P.; Nagarajan, Rajamani; Schleich, D. M.; Vujic, D.

doi:10.1016/0378-7753(94)02102-9

Cited by 84 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…9 Consequently, only thin films grown under optimized conditions of 973 K and 40% The Li 2 PtO 3 phase is a result of substrate corrosion and it is formed only on the surface of the Pt substrate (see section Phase and element distribution). This corrosion reaction takes place between Li 2 CO 3 , a decomposition product of the Li-precursor used, 25 and the Pt substrate under oxygen-containing atmosphere. Formation of this compound was already observed in systems other than LLZO deposited by LA-CVD at elevated temperatures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garnet-Type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO₂-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries

Loho

Djenadic

Bruns

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

114

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The detailed characterization of garnet-type Li-ion conducting Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) solid electrolyte thin films grown by novel CO 2 -laser assisted chemical vapor deposition (LA-CVD) is reported. A deposition process parameter study reveals that an optimal combination of deposition temperature and oxygen partial pressure is essential to obtain high quality tetragonal LLZO thin films. The polycrystalline tetragonal LLZO films grown on platinum have a dense and homogeneous microstructure and are free of cracks. A total lithium ion conductivity of 4.2 · 10 −6 S · cm −1 at room temperature, with an activation energy of 0.50 eV, is achieved. This is the highest total lithium ion conductivity value reported for tetragonal LLZO thin films so far, being about one order of magnitude higher than previously reported values for tetragonal LLZO thin films prepared by sputtering and pulsed laser deposition. The results of this study suggest that the tetragonal LLZO thin films grown by LA-CVD are applicable for the use in all-solid-state thin film lithium ion batteries. Over the last decades a progressive miniaturization of electronic components took place. As a result there is an increasing demand for micro-sized power sources that drives the current research on thin film batteries. Possible applications range from sensors and radiofrequency identification tags to implantable medical devices. For these applications an all-solid-state thin film Li-ion battery is desirable due to considerable advantages such as excellent safety properties and easy integration in microelectronics. Furthermore, the energy density of such an all-solid-state cell can be increased compared to a cell with conventional liquid electrolyte, if the chosen solid electrolyte material is stable toward high voltage cathode materials as well as toward a lithium metal anode. The garnet-type solid electrolyte Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO), first reported in 2007 by Murugan et al., 1 is a material that combines those properties with reasonably high lithium ion conductivity of up to 2.3 · 10 −5 S · cm −1 in its tetragonal 2 and up to 1.2 · 10 −3S · cm −1 in its cubic 3 modification. However, these high conductivity values have so far only been achieved for bulk ceramics, but not for thin films. Apparently, over the last years researchers have focused on the optimization of the lithium ion conductivity in bulk ceramics, e.g. by stabilization of the cubic LLZO phase via doping, 4,5 while only a few publications have addressed LLZO thin film deposition at all. 6-12The advantage of thin films is that their lithium ion conductivity for the use in an all-solid-state battery does not need to be as high as compared to bulk solid electrolytes, taking into account the electrolyte resistance R:where A is the contact area, l is the thickness and σ is the Li-ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte, respectively. For example, in their recent study Liu et al. 13 report on a functioning bulk all-solid-state battery using cubic LLZO as solid electrolyte with ∼ 1 mm thickn...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garnet-Type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO₂-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries

Loho

Djenadic

Bruns

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

114

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“…[ 49 ] Also in thin fi lm form, LiMn 2 O 4 was successfully prepared using various techniques, including sol-gel deposition, [ 50 , 51 ] pulsed laser deposition, [ 52 ] sputter deposition [ 53 , 54 ] and chemical vapor deposition. [ 55 ] Li x Mn 2 O 4 has its main electrochemical response at around 4 V vs. Li/Li + where x varies between 0 < x < 1. When lithium manganese oxides are cycled in this region, the crystal lattice remains cubic and only a minor volumetric change occurs.…”

Section: Spinel Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Microbatteries: A Review of Various Three‐Dimensional Concepts

Oudenhoven

Baggetto

Notten

2010

Advanced Energy Materials

703

638

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With the increasing importance of wireless microelectronic devices the need for on-board power supplies is evidently also increasing. Possible candidates for microenergy storage devices are planar all-solid-state Li-ion microbatteries, which are currently under development by several start-up companies. However, to increase the energy density of these microbatteries further and to ensure a high power delivery, three-dimensional (3D) designs are essential. Therefore, several concepts have been proposed for the design of 3D microbatteries and these are reviewed. In addition, an overview is given of the various electrode and electrolyte materials that are suitable for 3D all-solidstate microbatteries. Furthermore, methods are presented to produce fi lms of these materials on a nano-and microscale.www.MaterialsViews.com REVIEW www.advenergymat.de

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“…Electrochromic materials [13,27], catalytically active thin films [14,16,21] and battery components [14,16,21,28] are also fabricated by means of spray pyrolysis. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrolytes [6,7,[18][19][20]25], interconnectors [5] and cathodes [4,9,12,23] have also been prepared.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spray pyrolysis of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ thin film cathodes

et al. 2006

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Spray pyrolysis has been used to prepare La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3-δ thin film cathodes for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) applications. The films are polycrystalline with nano-meter sized grains and less than 1 μm in thickness. Deposition parameters for film deposition have been established. The ratio of deposition temperature to solvent boiling point is found to be the most important processing parameter that determines whether a crack free homogeneous and coherent film is obtained. The morphology can be tailored by the deposition parameters. Annealing at 650 • C for four hours in air results in coherent films of the desired perovskite phase. The films are potential cathodes for thin film microsolid oxide fuel cells.

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Thin-film cathodes for secondary lithium batteries

Cited by 84 publications

References 3 publications

Garnet-Type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO₂-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries

Garnet-Type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO₂-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries

All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Microbatteries: A Review of Various Three‐Dimensional Concepts

Spray pyrolysis of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ thin film cathodes

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Thin-film cathodes for secondary lithium batteries

Cited by 84 publications

References 3 publications

Garnet-Type Li7La3Zr2O12Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO2-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries

Garnet-Type Li7La3Zr2O12Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO2-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries

All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Microbatteries: A Review of Various Three‐Dimensional Concepts

Spray pyrolysis of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ thin film cathodes

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Garnet-Type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO₂-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries

Garnet-Type Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂Solid Electrolyte Thin Films Grown by CO₂-Laser Assisted CVD for All-Solid-State Batteries