Thin film electrode: a new method for the fabrication of submicrometer band electrodes

Arrays of Screen‐Printed Graphite Microband Electrodes as a Versatile Electroanalysis Platform

“…Paired microbands have been developed by an epoxied thin mica sheet with sputtered gold on both sides [11] or by sealing of two metalized glass slides separated with a plastic spacer [12] . Photolithography has also been employed to fabricate microbands [13][14][15] and interdigited array electrodes [16] by metal evaporation [17] , sputtering [18,19] and chemical vapour deposition [7,20,21] . Boron doped diamond ultramicroband electrodes have been realised based on lithography and chemical vapour deposition [22,23] .…”

Effect of the Microelectrode Geometry on the Diffusion Behavior and the Electroanalytical Performance of Hg-Electroplated Iridium Microelectrode Arrays Intended for the Detection of Heavy Metal Traces

“…As can be seen in Figure 3, the theoretical limiting current (5.35 mA) is in good accordance with the experimental value (5.27 mA). On the other hand, in the case of a hemicylindrical diffusion, the theoretical limiting current of a microband array is given by [16]: where l is the microband length, m is the number of the bands of the array, and y ¼ DtW 2 =p 2 (where W corresponds to the band width and t is the time constant (RT=Fn); n is the scan rate). For the C565000 arrays, a comparison between the experimental data and the corresponding theoretical curve shows a very good accordance for scan rates lower than 100 mV s À1 .…”

“…In sum, for band geometries, our results show that as the aspect ratio (length=width) increases, the diffusion profiles tend to become predominantly hemicylindrical, while their radial diffusion components diminishes. The presence of radial diffusion in the microband geometry can be attributed to the edge effect at the extremity of the bands [16].…”

“…These microfabrication techniques offer unique advantages to explore new microelectrode geometries (i.e., microbands rather than the most commonly investigated microdisks) and experimentally investigate the microelectrode geometry-analytical performance relationship. Moreover, the Hg electroplating onto microelectrodes with a high aspect ratio band geometry is still challenging [16][17][18][19], in comparison with the disk geometry which is more compatible with the natural tendency of Hg to form spherical microdrops. On the other hand, it is worth noting that the total stripping current produced by the array is proportional to the number of the microelectrodes and the steady-state diffusion behavior is preserved provided that the microelectrodes are sufficiently distanced from each other to avoid overlapping of the diffusion layer [20].…”

Nanoband electrode for high‐performance in‐channel amperometric detection in dual‐channel microchip capillary electrophoresis

“…Therefore, nanoband electrodes have many advantages of other nanoelectrodes in addition to a relatively high electrochemical response, and a simple and inexpensive fabrication process. The band electrodes with widths o1 mm can be simply constructed by using conductor foils and/or metal vapor deposition [13,[33][34][35][36]. Because of the macroscopic length and nanosized width, when a nanoband electrode detector is used in microchip, it can scan the whole width of the microchannel like a microelectrode detector and perform as a nanoelectrode detector for ECD in the longitudinal direction.…”