Thin‐Film Fabrication Method for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Electrospray Deposition

Ju, Jungmyoung; Yamagata, Yutaka; Higuchi, Toshiro

doi:10.1002/adma.200900444

Cited by 104 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Thin film deposition technology is the main tool for development of such integrated sources, aiming at forming a waveguiding layer of the gain medium on a substrate of lower refractive index. There is a wealth of methods that can be applied to form organic layers, including, thermal sublimation, solution inkjet printing [42], electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly [43], plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition [44], pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [45], matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation [46], atmospheric-pressure ion deposition [47] and electrospray deposition [48]. Amongst these film deposition techniques the prevailing ones are solution processing and thermal sublimation and have also been successfully www.lpr-journal.org…”

Section: Deposition Methods Of Organic Waveguiding Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Grivas

Pollnau

2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

211

202

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Solid-state organic amplifiers and lasers are attractive for hybrid integration due to their compatibility with different material platforms, straightforward processing, and possibility to optimize easily their optical and electronic properties by molecular engineering. Advances in the gain medium design and synthesis in combination with new resonator architectures led to tremendous improvements in temporal and spectral properties, lifetime stability, gains produced and operating threshold powers, which triggered interest in their use for a broad range of integrated photonic applications. In this contribution, the current state-of-the-art in the field of organic solid-state amplifiers and lasers is reviewed from the aspects of fabrication technology, gain materials, and device performance. Furthermore, examples of the progress of this technology from a laboratory curiosity to one that demonstrates practical integrated photonic applications are highlighted. An outlook is also provided on research areas and applications that are likely to shape further developments of this technology. (Figure reprinted from [296],

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Section: Deposition Methods Of Organic Waveguiding Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Grivas

Pollnau

2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

211

202

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“…However, these methods face challenges regarding their implementation into existing manufacturing technologies. Consequently, well-established industrial coating methods, such as blademetering [7,8] and spray-coating [9,10] have come to the fore for the deposition of the critical layers in organic solar cells [11], light emitting diodes [12], or even thin film transistors. [13] Among them, electrostatic spraying deposition (ESD) represents a very promising spraying approach, which is based on the electrohydrodynamic atomization of a liquid ejected through a nozzle by means of an electrical field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High mobility transistors based on electrospray-printed small-molecule/polymer semiconducting blends

et al. 2016

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Spray-coating techniques have recently emerged as especially effective approaches for the deposition of small semiconducting molecules toward the fabrication of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Despite the promising mobility values and the industrial implementation capability of such techniques, the resulted devices still face challenges in terms of morphology control and performance variation. In this work, the efficient process control of electrostatic spraying deposition (ESD) and the excellent film properties of polymer:small molecule blends were successfully combined to develop reliable and high performance transistors. Specifically, a highly efficient blended system of 2,8-difluoro-5,11-bis(triethylsilylethynyl)-anthradithiophene (diF-TES-ADT) and poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) was employed in order to realize top-gate OFETs under ambient conditions, both on rigid and on flexible substrates. The films revealed an extensive crystallization and microstructural organization implying a distinct phase separation in the electrosprayed blend. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of the processing temperature on the film-forming properties by means of film continuity and grains boundaries.Remarkably, the electrosprayed OFETs exhibited field-effect mobilities as high as 1.71 cm 2 /Vs, and enhanced performance consistency when compared to conventional gas-sprayed transistors. Additionally, the transistors showed excellent electrical and environmental stability, indicative of the good interface quality and the selfencapsulation capability of top-gate structure. These results highlight the great potential of electrohydrodynamic atomization techniques for implementation to large-area processing for OFETs fabrication.

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“…The progress in the development of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the last two decades has increased the levels of sensitivity and throughput exponentially. Nonetheless, there are several other interesting potential applications for the electrospray in very different fields as controlled drug delivery, [8][9][10] colloidal micro-thrusters, 11 thin-film deposition, 12 cooling of electronic systems, 13 enhancement of vacuum diffusion pumps, 14 etc. In a typical electrospray configuration, a conductive liquid is pumped at certain flow rate through a tube, forming a meniscus at its end.…”

Section: -1058/2012/6(4)/044104/19/$3000mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface tension effects on submerged electrosprays

2012

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Electrosprays are a powerful technique to generate charged micro/nanodroplets. In the last century, the technique has been extensively studied, developed, and recognized with a shared Nobel price in Chemistry in 2002 for its wide spread application in mass spectrometry. However, nowadays techniques based on microfluidic devices are competing to be the next generation in atomization techniques. Therefore, an interesting development would be to integrate the electrospray technique into a microfluidic liquid-liquid device. Several works in the literature have attempted to build a microfluidic electrospray with disputable results. The main problem for its integration is the lack of knowledge of the working parameters of the liquid-liquid electrospray. The "submerged electrosprays" share similar properties as their counterparts in air. However, in the microfluidic generation of micro/nanodroplets, the liquid-liquid interfaces are normally stabilized with surface active agents, which might have critical effects on the electrospray behavior. In this work, we review the main properties of the submerged electrosprays in liquid baths with no surfactant, and we methodically study the behavior of the system for increasing surfactant concentrations. The different regimes found are then analyzed and compared with both classical and more recent experimental, theoretical and numerical studies. A very rich phenomenology is found when the surface tension is allowed to vary in the system. More concretely, the lower states of electrification achieved with the reduced surface tension regimes might be of interest in biological or biomedical applications in which excessive electrification can be hazardous for the encapsulated entities.

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Thin‐Film Fabrication Method for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Electrospray Deposition

Cited by 104 publications

References 36 publications

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers

High mobility transistors based on electrospray-printed small-molecule/polymer semiconducting blends

Surface tension effects on submerged electrosprays

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