Thin Layer Chromatography as a Routine Appropriate Technique for the Determination of Bipyridylium Herbicides in Post Mortem Human Tissues

Heede, M. Van den; Heyndrickx, A; Timperman, J

doi:10.1177/002580248202200111

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…11 Over the period 1968-1999, only 30 cases of diquat poisoning were reported in detail in the literature, of which 13 (43%) [19][20][21][22][23]25,29,30 were fatal.…”

Section: Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanisms of Toxicity, Clinical Features, and Management of Diquat Poisoning: A Review

Jones

Vale

2000

Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology

197

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After rapid confirmation of the diagnosis using a qualitative urine test, gut decontamination may be considered in patients who present within 1 hour of a life-threatening ingestion (>6 g). Supportive measures including fluid and electrolyte replacement should then be employed. Although hemofiltration and hemodialysis are of proven value if renal failure supervenes, there is no clinical evidence that hemodialysis or hemoperfusion removes toxicologically significant amounts of diquat, thereby reducing the risk of organ failure and preventing a fatal outcome in severe cases.

show abstract

“…11 Over the period 1968-1999, only 30 cases of diquat poisoning were reported in detail in the literature, of which 13 (43%) [19][20][21][22][23]25,29,30 were fatal.…”

Section: Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,19,28,34 As a consequence, generalized abdominal pain, 15,25,[28][29][30]32 vomiting, 13,14,19,[24][25][26][28][29][30]35 and diarrhea 12,24-26,28-32 can occur within a few minutes of ingestion.…”

Section: Systemic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Toxicity, Clinical Features, and Management of Diquat Poisoning: A Review

Jones

Vale

2000

Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology

197

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These incidents have involved mostly suicidal and some accidental diquat ingestion cases. Signs and symptoms associated with skin and inhalation overexposure to diquat concentrate or spray mist are primarily displayed by manifestation of tissue irritation (Schonborn, 1971;Crabtree, 1977;Vanholder, 1981;Van Den Heede, 1982;Hantson, 2000;Schmidt, 2000).…”

Section: Human Case Reports and Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the weight of the evidence from the diquat toxicology investigations, occupational use and clinical findings, the chemical is not considered to be a neurotoxin. No neurological effects have been reported from incidental ingesting of spray dilution or swallowing of diquat treated water while swimming or in situations where the treated water was used as a drinking water source (Swan, 1969;Schonborn, 1971;Crabtree, 1977;Vanholder, 1981;Van Den Heede, 1982;Wojeck, 1983;Hantson, 2000;Schmidt, 2000).…”

Section: Human Neurological Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aquatic Herbicides and Housing Density on Abundance of Pond-Breeding Frogs

Picone

2015

Northeastern Naturalist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…To the knowledge of the authors, a wide variety of methods have been reported for determining the serum level of paraquat or diquat, for example, thin-layer chromatography, 1) spectrochemical analysis, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] HPLC, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] LC/MS, 11) GC 22) and GC/MS. 23) In 1998, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare distributed HPLC-photodiode array systems to 73 emergency centers throughout the country in order to facilitate the diagnosis of acute poisoning by drugs and poisons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Analysis Method for Paraquat and Diquat in the Serum Using Ion-Pair High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Ito

Hori

Fujisawa

et al. 2005

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In acute poisoning by herbicides containing paraquat, or paraquat and diquat, it is possible to infer from the concentration of paraquat in the serum whether the patient will or will not survive, and this is of importance as a basis for deciding what approach to take in emergency treatment. In Japan, the main emergency medical centers where acute poisoning is a specialty have HPLC-photodiode array systems installed for the purpose of toxin analysis. However, in the conventional HPLC method, since it is necessary as a preliminary procedure to extract the paraquat and diquat from serum samples, analysis is time-consuming, and the establishment of a faster analytical technique is a significant step.To the knowledge of the authors, a wide variety of methods have been reported for determining the serum level of paraquat or diquat, for example, thin-layer chromatography, 1) spectrochemical analysis, 2-8) HPLC, 9-21) LC/MS, 11) GC 22) and GC/MS. 23) In 1998, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare distributed HPLC-photodiode array systems to 73 emergency centers throughout the country in order to facilitate the diagnosis of acute poisoning by drugs and poisons. The application of these HPLC systems was a highly practical step. However, since the task of extraction from samples has to be carried out for the conventional methods reported for HPLC analysis of paraquat, the establishment of a faster technique of analysis would be useful in order to minimize delay in reaching a diagnosis of poisoning by a paraquat preparation.In the present study, after simply deproteinizing serum samples and introducing them directly to the HPLC column using an ion pair reagent as the mobile phase, we obtained good results with a new method that rapidly isolated and quantitated paraquat and diquat in an ODS column, and we report this and a number of cases in which analysis was actually performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reagents and Materials(1,1Ј-ethylene-2,2Ј-bipyridylium dibromide monohydrate) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemicals (Osaka, Japan), and ethyl viologen dibromide (1,1Ј-diethyl-4,4Ј-bipyridinium dibromide) was from Aldrich Chem. Co. (Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A.). These substances were dissolved in distilled water and were used as standard preparations. The ion-pair reagent IPCC-MS3 was purchased from GL Sciences Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The distilled water was prepared by Wako Pure Chemicals (Osaka, Japan) for HPLC use, the acetone used was of special grade, and was manufactured by the same company, and the acetonitrile was a specially prepared reagent for HPLC produced by Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan).Biological Specimen Collection Standard human serum for recovery tests was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.), and was stored at Ϫ40°C until the time of analysis. The serum samples were derived from blood samples drawn from four patients poisoned by herbicides containing paraquat who ingested them with the aim of committing suicide and who were treated at the Emergency and Critical Care Center wher...

show abstract

Thin Layer Chromatography as a Routine Appropriate Technique for the Determination of Bipyridylium Herbicides in Post Mortem Human Tissues

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Mechanisms of Toxicity, Clinical Features, and Management of Diquat Poisoning: A Review

Mechanisms of Toxicity, Clinical Features, and Management of Diquat Poisoning: A Review

Effects of Aquatic Herbicides and Housing Density on Abundance of Pond-Breeding Frogs

Rapid Analysis Method for Paraquat and Diquat in the Serum Using Ion-Pair High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About