Thin-Layer chromatography of polymes

Belenki, B.G.; Gankina, E.S.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)83046-0

Cited by 66 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Operating at the transition point of size exclusion and adsorption modes of liquid chromatography, this method is capable of separating polymers according to their functionality. At the critical point of adsorption the polymer chain behaves like an invisible part of the macromolecule and only the heterogeneities (functional groups, different architectures) manifest themselves chromatographically. − It has been shown in previous investigations that chromatography at the critical point of adsorption is also useful for separating cyclic oligomers from their corresponding linear analogs. , Therefore, this technique shall be used for the separation of linear and cyclic polystyrenes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Macrocyclic Polystyrenes. 1. Liquid Chromatographic Investigations

et al. 1996

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Macrocyclic polystyrenes prepared by a single-step, pseudo-unimolecular cyclization of a linear R-(diethoxyethyl)-ω-styrenylpolystyrene can effectively be analyzed by liquid chromatography at the critical point of adsorption. Using silica gel as the stationary phase and THF-hexane as the eluent, the macrocyclic oligomers are separated from their linear precursors and other nonfunctional linear oligomers. The quantitative determination of the cyclization yield can be carried out via appropriate detector calibration for the linears and cyclics. Additional information on the chemical structure of the linears and cyclics is obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. In conclusion, a possible cyclization mechanism is given including an interpretation of the MALDI behavior of the samples.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Macrocyclic Polystyrenes. 1. Liquid Chromatographic Investigations

et al. 1996

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“…4. Confirm the completion of the reaction with thin layer chromatography (TLC) 16 and Kaiser's test 17 (a yellow color indicates the absence of free NH 2 ). Precipitate the polymeric product 1 (MeO-PEG…”

Section: K -Cys 4 -Ebes 8 -Camentioning

confidence: 84%

A Facile and Efficient Approach for the Production of Reversible Disulfide Cross-linked Micelles

Bharadwaj

Lee

2016

JoVE

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Nanomedicine is an emerging form of therapy that harnesses the unique properties of particles that are nanometers in scale for biomedical application. Improving drug delivery to maximize therapeutic outcomes and to reduce drug-associated side effects are some of the cornerstones of present-day nanomedicine. Nanoparticles in particular have found a wide application in cancer treatment. Nanoparticles that offer a high degree of flexibility in design, application, and production based on the tumor microenvironment are projected to be more effective with rapid translation into clinical practice. The polymeric micellar nano-carrier is a popular choice for drug delivery applications. In this article, we describe a simple and effective protocol for synthesizing drug-loaded, disulfide cross-linked micelles based on the self-assembly of a well-defined amphiphilic linear-dendritic copolymer (telodendrimer, TD). TD is composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the hydrophilic segment and a thiolated cholic acid cluster as the core-forming hydrophobic moiety attached stepwise to an amine-terminated PEG using solution-based peptide chemistry. Chemotherapy drugs, such as paclitaxel (PTX), can be loaded using a standard solvent evaporation method. The O2-mediated oxidation was previously utilized to form intra-micellar disulfide cross-links from free thiol groups on the TDs. However, the reaction was slow and not feasible for large-scale production. Recently, an H2O2-mediated oxidation method was explored as a more feasible and efficient approach, and it was 96 times faster than the previously reported method. Using this approach, 50 g of PTX-loaded, disulfide cross-linked nanoparticles have been successfully produced with narrow particle size distribution and high drug loading efficiency. The stability of the resulting micelle solution is analyzed using disrupting conditions such as co-incubation with a detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate, with or without a reducing agent. The drug-loaded, disulfide cross-linked micelles demonstrated less hemolytic activity when compared to their non-cross-linked counterparts.

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“…4. Confirm the completion of the reaction with thin layer chromatography (TLC)16 and Kaiser's test17 (a yellow color indicates the absence of free NH 2 ). Precipitate the polymeric product 1 (MeO-PEG 5K -Lys(NH-Fmoc) 2 ) by adding approximately 200 ml of ice-cold ether to the reaction flask.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

A Facile and Efficient Approach for the Production of Reversible Disulfide Cross-linked Micelles

Bharadwaj

Lee

2016

JoVE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanomedicine is an emerging form of therapy that harnesses the unique properties of particles that are nanometers in scale for biomedical application. Improving drug delivery to maximize therapeutic outcomes and to reduce drug-associated side effects are some of the cornerstones of present-day nanomedicine. Nanoparticles in particular have found a wide application in cancer treatment. Nanoparticles that offer a high degree of flexibility in design, application, and production based on the tumor microenvironment are projected to be more effective with rapid translation into clinical practice. The polymeric micellar nano-carrier is a popular choice for drug delivery applications.In this article, we describe a simple and effective protocol for synthesizing drug-loaded, disulfide cross-linked micelles based on the selfassembly of a well-defined amphiphilic linear-dendritic copolymer (telodendrimer, TD). TD is composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the hydrophilic segment and a thiolated cholic acid cluster as the core-forming hydrophobic moiety attached stepwise to an amine-terminated PEG using solution-based peptide chemistry. Chemotherapy drugs, such as paclitaxel (PTX), can be loaded using a standard solvent evaporation method. The O 2 -mediated oxidation was previously utilized to form intra-micellar disulfide cross-links from free thiol groups on the TDs. However, the reaction was slow and not feasible for large-scale production. Recently, an H 2 O 2 -mediated oxidation method was explored as a more feasible and efficient approach, and it was 96 times faster than the previously reported method. Using this approach, 50 g of PTX-loaded, disulfide crosslinked nanoparticles have been successfully produced with narrow particle size distribution and high drug loading efficiency. The stability of the resulting micelle solution is analyzed using disrupting conditions such as co-incubation with a detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate, with or without a reducing agent. The drug-loaded, disulfide cross-linked micelles demonstrated less hemolytic activity when compared to their non-cross-linked counterparts.

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Thin-Layer chromatography of polymes

Cited by 66 publications

References 56 publications

Analysis of Macrocyclic Polystyrenes. 1. Liquid Chromatographic Investigations

Analysis of Macrocyclic Polystyrenes. 1. Liquid Chromatographic Investigations

A Facile and Efficient Approach for the Production of Reversible Disulfide Cross-linked Micelles

A Facile and Efficient Approach for the Production of Reversible Disulfide Cross-linked Micelles

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