Thiosulfinate Tolerance Is a Virulence Strategy of an Atypical Bacterial Pathogen of Onion

Stice, Shaun; Thao, Kyle K.; Khang, Chang Hyun; Baltrus, David A.; Dutta, Bhabesh; Kvitko, Brian H.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.05.092

Cited by 45 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Remarkably, it seems that thiosulfinates also play a role in resistance to pathogens. A strong association between the genetic requirements for the bacterium Pantoea ananatis to colonize necrotized onion tissues and its capacity for tolerance to the thiosulfinate allicin has been found based on the presence of an eleven-gene, plasmid-borne, virulence cluster of sulfur redox genes in the bacterial genome [192]. Furthermore, genomic clones from a highly allicin-tolerant bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens isolated from garlic conferred allicin tolerance to Pseudomonas syringae [193].…”

Section: Thiosulfinatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Versatile Roles of Sulfur-Containing Biomolecules in Plant Defense—A Road to Disease Resistance

Künstler

Gullner

Ádám

et al. 2020

Plants

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Sulfur (S) is an essential plant macronutrient and the pivotal role of sulfur compounds in plant disease resistance has become obvious in recent decades. This review attempts to recapitulate results on the various functions of sulfur-containing defense compounds (SDCs) in plant defense responses to pathogens. These compounds include sulfur containing amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, the tripeptide glutathione, thionins and defensins, glucosinolates and phytoalexins and, last but not least, reactive sulfur species and hydrogen sulfide. SDCs play versatile roles both in pathogen perception and initiating signal transduction pathways that are interconnected with various defense processes regulated by plant hormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, ROS-mediated reversible oxidation of cysteine residues on plant proteins have profound effects on protein functions like signal transduction of plant defense responses during pathogen infections. Indeed, the multifaceted plant defense responses initiated by SDCs should provide novel tools for plant breeding to endow crops with efficient defense responses to invading pathogens.

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Section: Thiosulfinatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Versatile Roles of Sulfur-Containing Biomolecules in Plant Defense—A Road to Disease Resistance

Künstler

Gullner

Ádám

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…genomic analyses revealed substantial diversity between P. ananatis strains, which may account for their ability to colonize and thrive in so many different hosts (13,14). The pathogenicity determinants encoded by diverse P. ananatis genomes include quorum sensing systems, type VI secretion systems, motility factors, cell wall-degrading enzymes, and thiosulfinate resistance alleles (15)(16)(17). In 2019, a novel pathogenicity determinant for onion center rot was revealed by comparison of the genomic sequences of two pathogenic and two nonpathogenic P. ananatis strains (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phosphonate Natural Product Made by Pantoea ananatis is Necessary and Sufficient for the Hallmark Lesions of Onion Center Rot

Polidore

Furiassi

Hergenrother

et al. 2021

mBio

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Pantoea ananatis is the primary cause of onion center rot. Genetic data suggest that a phosphonic acid natural product is required for pathogenesis; however, the nature of the molecule is unknown. Here, we show that P. ananatis produces at least three phosphonates, two of which were purified and structurally characterized. The first, designated pantaphos, was shown to be 2-(hydroxy[phosphono]methyl)maleate; the second, a probable biosynthetic precursor, was shown to be 2-(phosphonomethyl)maleate. Purified pantaphos is both necessary and sufficient for the hallmark lesions of onion center rot. Moreover, when tested against mustard seedlings, the phytotoxic activity of pantaphos was comparable to the widely used herbicides glyphosate and phosphinothricin. Pantaphos was also active against a variety of human cell lines but was significantly more toxic to glioblastoma cells. Pantaphos showed little activity when tested against a variety of bacteria and fungi. IMPORTANCE Pantoea ananatis is a significant plant pathogen that targets a number of important crops, a problem that is compounded by the absence of effective treatments to prevent its spread. Our identification of pantaphos as the key virulence factor in onion center rot suggests a variety of approaches that could be employed to address this significant plant disease. Moreover, the general phytotoxicity of the molecule suggests that it could be developed into an effective herbicide to counter the alarming rise in herbicide-resistant weeds.

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“…Both Xcm 4.02 WT and Xcm 4.02 Δ hrcV were tagged with the auto-bioluminescent operon from Photorhabdus luminescens ( luxCDABE ) on a Tn 7 transposon as described previously (Bruckbauer S.T. 2015; Stice S.P. 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the patterns of seed-to-seedling transmission ofXanthomonas citripv.malvacearum, the causal agent of cotton bacterial blight

Mijatović¹,

Pm²,

Rc³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Cotton bacterial blight (CBB) was a major disease of cotton in the United States in the early part of the 20th century. The recent reemergence of CBB, caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum (Xcm) revealed many gaps in our understanding of this important disease. In this study, we employed a field isolate of Xcm from Georgia USA (WT) to generate a non-pathogenic, hrcV mutant lacking a functional Type III Secretion System (T3SS-). We tagged the WT and T3SS- strains with an auto-bioluminescent Tn7 reporter and compared colonization patterns of susceptible and resistant cotton seedlings using macroscopic image analysis and bacterial load enumeration. Wildtype and T3SS- Xcm strains colonized cotton cotyledons of resistant and susceptible cotton cultivars. However, Xcm populations were significantly higher in susceptible seedlings inoculated with the WT strain. Additionally, WT and T3SS- Xcm strains systemically colonized true leaves, although at different rates. Finally, we observed that seed-to-seedling transmission of Xcm may involve systemic spread through the vascular tissue of cotton plants. These findings yield novel insights into potential Xcm reservoirs for CBB outbreaks.

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Thiosulfinate Tolerance Is a Virulence Strategy of an Atypical Bacterial Pathogen of Onion

Cited by 45 publications

References 60 publications

The Versatile Roles of Sulfur-Containing Biomolecules in Plant Defense—A Road to Disease Resistance

The Versatile Roles of Sulfur-Containing Biomolecules in Plant Defense—A Road to Disease Resistance

A Phosphonate Natural Product Made by Pantoea ananatis is Necessary and Sufficient for the Hallmark Lesions of Onion Center Rot

Elucidating the patterns of seed-to-seedling transmission ofXanthomonas citripv.malvacearum, the causal agent of cotton bacterial blight

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