Third-Generation Biosensors Based on the Direct Electron Transfer of Proteins

Abstract

Recent progress in third-generation electrochemical biosensors based on the direct electron transfer of proteins is reviewed. The development of three generations of electrochemical biosensors is also simply addressed. Special attention is paid to protein-film voltammetry, which is a powerful way to obtain the direct electron transfer of proteins. Research activities on various kinds of biosensors are discussed according to the proteins (enzymes) used in the specific work.

Graphene Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review

“…However, the realization of direct electrochemistry of redox enzymes on common electrodes is very difficult because the active centers of most redox enzymes are located deeply in a hydrophobic cavity of the molecule [20,86,89]. Carbon nanotubes and metal nanoparticles have exhibited excellent performance in enhancing the direct electron transfer between enzymes and electrodes, and are widely used now [50,55,90,91].…”

Direct Electrochemistry of Redox Enzymes as a Tool for Mechanistic Studies

“…At low scan rates, the peak positions can be used to measure the reduction potential of the couple, whose dependence on pH can be fit to eq 14 to demonstrate (14) that reduction is coupled to protonation at pH below pK r ) 6.9. Figure 8 shows that, at moderate scan rates (e.g.…”

An Electrochemical Biosensor Based on a Myoglobin-specific Binding Peptide for Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…18,19 In particular, the combination of electrochemical sensing technology with biomolecule-specific peptides has significantly improved the performance of biosensors for biomarker detection. [20][21][22] Here, we used a short peptide with a sequence of CPSTLGASC (Myo-3R7) as a recognition molecule for capturing myoglobin, a cardiac biomarker.…”