Third-Generation Image Intensifier

Roaux, E.; Richard, J. C.; Piaget, C.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2539(08)61604-2

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…[ 24 ] Similar phosphor screens are at the heart of many applications, such as night vision devices and medical imaging devices. [ 20 ] The same concept also applies to scintillators used in X‐ray imaging. We focus on bulk structures used in image intensifiers tubes, composed of P43 phosphor screens (Gd2O2S:Tb) with a refractive index of 2.3, [ 31 ] and an absorption coefficient of 25 µm −1 (extracted using numerical simulations [ 49 ] ).…”

Section: Improving Imaging Performance Using Inverse‐designed Nanostr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting to consider the implications of our approach in the special cases that contain a reflective layer (often Al), as in modern image intensifiers tubes (starting from Generation 3). [ 20,21 ] One of the purposes of this layer is to reflect all the backward emission and thus increase the screen's efficiency—as more photons reach the detector. However, due to the spread of light, this increase comes at the price of lowering the screen's resolution.…”

Section: Improving Imaging Performance Using Inverse‐designed Nanostr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional solutions are tailored for specific applications, such as the addition of a reflective layer to modern image intensifiers tubes that improve the number of total outcoupled photons, at the expense of a deteriorated resolution. [20,21] Nevertheless, all the above rely on the process of spontaneous emission for the conversion of hard-to-access radiation energy into detectable light.The nature of spontaneous emission sets inherent limitations on the efficiency and resolution of all scintillators and phosphor screens. [22] Typical scintillators and phosphors emit light isotopically from internal points excited by the input radiation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Imaging Using Inverse Design of Nanophotonic Scintillators

Shultzman

Segal

Kurman

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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Converting ionizing radiation into visible light is essential in a wide range of fundamental and industrial applications, such as electromagnetic calorimeters in high‐energy particle detectors, electron detectors, image intensifiers, and X‐ray imaging. These different areas of technology all rely on scintillators or phosphors, i.e., materials that emit light upon bombardment by high‐energy particles. In all cases, the emission is through spontaneous emission. The fundamental nature of spontaneous emission poses limitations on all these technologies, imposing an intrinsic trade‐off between efficiency and resolution in all imaging applications: thicker phosphors are more efficient due to their greater stopping power, which however comes at the expense of image blurring due to light spread inside the thicker phosphors. Here, the concept of inverse‐designed nanophotonic scintillators is proposed, which can overcome the trade‐off between resolution and efficiency by reshaping the intrinsic spontaneous emission. To exemplify the concept, multilayer phosphor nanostructures are designed and these nanostructures are compared to state‐of‐the‐art phosphor screens in image intensifiers, showing a threefold resolution enhancement simultaneous with a threefold efficiency enhancement. The enabling concept is applying the ubiquitous Purcell effect for the first time in a new context—for improving image resolution. Looking forward, this approach directly applies to a wide range of technologies, including X‐ray imaging applications.

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Section: Improving Imaging Performance Using Inverse‐designed Nanostr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Improving Imaging Performance Using Inverse‐designed Nanostr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Imaging Using Inverse Design of Nanophotonic Scintillators

Shultzman

Segal

Kurman

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…The main features of the third-generation image intensifiers are negative electron affinity GaAs photocathode and micro-channel plate (MCP) with ion barrier film [1,2] . The NEA layer is formed by depositing Cs and O on the surface of the GaAs photocathode, which makes the GaAs photocathode have high sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the factors causing the defects of the ion barrier MCP view

Hao¹,

Li²,

Yang³

et al. 2023

Ninth Symposium on Novel Photoelectronic Detection Technology and Applications

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Highly efficient photoelectric effect in halide perovskites for regenerative electron sources

et al. 2021

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Electron sources are a critical component in a wide range of applications such as electron-beam accelerator facilities, photomultipliers, and image intensifiers for night vision. We report efficient, regenerative and low-cost electron sources based on solution-processed halide perovskites thin films when they are excited with light with energy equal to or above their bandgap. We measure a quantum efficiency up to 2.2% and a lifetime of more than 25 h. Importantly, even after degradation, the electron emission can be completely regenerated to its maximum efficiency by deposition of a monolayer of Cs. The electron emission from halide perovskites can be tuned over the visible and ultraviolet spectrum, and operates at vacuum levels with pressures at least two-orders higher than in state-of-the-art semiconductor electron sources.

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Third-Generation Image Intensifier

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Enhanced Imaging Using Inverse Design of Nanophotonic Scintillators

Enhanced Imaging Using Inverse Design of Nanophotonic Scintillators

Analysis of the factors causing the defects of the ion barrier MCP view

Highly efficient photoelectric effect in halide perovskites for regenerative electron sources

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