Third Study on WHO MPOWER Tobacco Control Scores in Eastern Mediterranean countries 2011-2015

Heydari, Gholamreza; Ebnahmady, Arezoo; Lando, Harry A.; Chamyani, Fahimeh; Masjedi, Mohammadreza; Shadmehr, Mohammad Behgam; Fadaizadeh, Lida

doi:10.26719/2017.23.9.598

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…One of the reasons for the inexpensiveness of WTS in Iran is low tax on tobacco products. Comparison of the Eastern Mediterranean countries respecting tobacco control programs revealed that Iran obtained the highest score for the MPOWER six policies on tobacco control; nonetheless, Iran has not completely been successful in enforcing the smokeless environment law and imposing tax on tobacco products (43). In line with our findings, a study reported that the low price and the easy accessibility of WTS significantly contribute to its high prevalence (34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Sociocultural factors contributing to waterpipe tobacco smoking among young women: a qualitative study in Iran

Makvandi

Mostafavi

Bashirian

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is currently a serious and growing public health threat in the world, especially in adolescents and young women. The aim of the study was to explore sociocultural factors contributing to WTS among young women in Iran.Methods This qualitative study was conducted from August 2017 to January 2019 in Isfahan and Hamadan cities, Iran; it included 13-30-year-old females with experience of WTS. For data collection, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted at participants’ preferred time and place. Concurrent with data collection, data were analyzed through conventional content analysis.Findings In total, 34 main participants with mean (SD) age of 22.97(4.89) years and eight auxiliary participants with mean (SD) age of 34 (9.95) years participated in the present study. Sociocultural factors contributing to WTS were categorized into four main categories of waterpipe glamorization by its producers and sellers, media advertisement or silence, common sociocultural traditions, and governmental policies and regulations.Conclusion WTS among young women in Iran is affected by a wide range of sociocultural factors. Therefore, interdisciplinary multidimensional strategies are needed for WTS management and prevention among young women. Public education, strict supervision of tobacco import, export, and selling, ample employment opportunities for young people and effective leisure time management are essential to reduce WTS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Sociocultural factors contributing to waterpipe tobacco smoking among young women: a qualitative study in Iran

Makvandi

Mostafavi

Bashirian

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The scores of Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Iraq, Jordan, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Somalia, Syrian Arab Republic and United Arab Emirates also all increased from 2015 to 2017. More tobacco control programmes have recently been introduced in the EMR (20,21), but they need more time for their effectiveness to be felt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MPOWER, needs and challenges: trends in the implementation of the WHO FCTC in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Heydari¹,

Zaatari²,

Al-Lawati³

et al. 2018

East Mediterr Health J

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“…The recent global epidemic of water-pipe is attributed to various factors such as social acceptability and the lack of water-pipe specific regulations [ 30 ]. Although the Islamic Republic of Iran received the highest score in the World Health Organization MPOWER tobacco control program among countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office, the enforcement has focused on cigarette smoking [ 31 ], while measures such as monitoring water-pipe use and raising taxation on water-pipe are still in progress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of water-pipe smoking on birth weight: a population-based prospective cohort study in southern Iran

et al. 2018

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OBJECTIVESConsecutive community health assessments revealed that water-pipe smoking in women and impaired growth in children were among the main health concerns in suburban communities in southern Iran. The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of water-pipe smoking during pregnancy on birth weight.METHODSData from a population-based prospective cohort study of 714 singleton live pregnancies in the suburbs of Bandar Abbas in southern Iran in 2016-2018 were used in this study. Data about water-pipe smoking patterns and birth weight were collected by questionnaires during and after the pregnancy. Low birth weight (LBW) was defined as a birth weight below 2,500 g. Statistical analyses were performed using generalized linear models, and the results were presented in terms of relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).RESULTSFifty (8.2%) of the study subjects smoked water-pipe. The adjusted risk of LBW increased 2-fold in water-pipe smokers (adjusted RR [aRR], 2.09; 95% CI, 1.18 to 3.71), and by 2.0% for each 1-year increase in the duration of water-pipe smoking (aRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.05).CONCLUSIONSOur results showed that water-pipe smoking during pregnancy was an important risk factor for LBW in this population sample from southern Iran. The introduction of regulations onto prevent water-pipe smoking and the implementation of community health action plans aiming at empowering women and increasing women’s knowledge and awareness regarding the health consequences of water-pipe smoking are proposed.

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Third Study on WHO MPOWER Tobacco Control Scores in Eastern Mediterranean countries 2011-2015

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Sociocultural factors contributing to waterpipe tobacco smoking among young women: a qualitative study in Iran

Sociocultural factors contributing to waterpipe tobacco smoking among young women: a qualitative study in Iran

MPOWER, needs and challenges: trends in the implementation of the WHO FCTC in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

The effects of water-pipe smoking on birth weight: a population-based prospective cohort study in southern Iran

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