Thirst and Water Balance

Ramsay, D. J.; Thrasher, T. N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0577-4_14

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…This impression is underscored by significant dose ϫ ventricle interactions (F (3,24) ϭ 4.17; p Ͻ 0.02; F (3,24) ϭ 3.24; p Ͻ 0.04, respectively, for the 2 and 4 hr ANOVAs). The dose-related stimulation of drinking that followed lateral intracerebroventricular injection of MTII does not appear to derive from the osmotic properties of the MTII injection but may relate to the stimulation of MC3-Rs and MC4-Rs on the neurons of several forebrain periventricular nuclei known to participate in the neural control of drinking (Ramsey and Thrasher, 1990; Roselli-Rehfuss et al, 1993). The stimulatory effect of MC agonist on drinking is a novel result; in the mouse, lateral intracerebroventricular MTII (3 nmol) reduced short-term water intake (Fan et al, 1997).…”

Section: Experiments 1: Mtii Dose-response Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brainstem Application of Melanocortin Receptor Ligands Produces Long-Lasting Effects on Feeding and Body Weight

et al. 1998

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Recent evidence suggests that the central melanocortin (MC) system is a prominent contributor to food intake and body weight control. MC receptor (MC-R) populations in the arcuate and paraventricular nuclei are considered probable sites of action mediating the orexigenic effects of systemically or intracerebroventricularly administered ligands. Yet, the highest MC4-R density in the brain is found in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, situated subjacent to the commissural nucleus of the solitary tract, a site of pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA expression. We evaluated the contribution of the caudal brainstem MC system by (1) performing respective dose-response analyses for an MC-R agonist (MTII) and antagonist (SHU9119) delivered to the fourth ventricle, (2) comparing, in the same rats, the fourth intracerebroventricular dose-response profiles to those obtained with lateral intracerebroventricular delivery, and (3) delivering an effective dose of MTII or SHU9119 to rats before a 24 hr period of food deprivation. Fourth intracerebroventricular agonist treatment yielded a dose-dependent reduction of short-term (2 and 4 hr) and longer-term (24 hr) food intake and body weight. Fourth intracerebroventricular antagonist treatment produced the opposite pattern of results: dose-related increases in food intake and corresponding increases in body weight change for the 24-96 hr observation period. Comparable dose-response functions for food intake and body weight were observed when these compounds were delivered to the lateral ventricle. Results from deprived rats (no effect of MTII or SHU9119 on weight loss) support the impression derived from the dose-response analyses that the body weight change that follows MC treatments is secondary to their respective effects on food intake. Results support the relevance of the brainstem MC-R complement to the control of feeding.

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Section: Experiments 1: Mtii Dose-response Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brainstem Application of Melanocortin Receptor Ligands Produces Long-Lasting Effects on Feeding and Body Weight

et al. 1998

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“…When water loss exceeds 0.5 percent of total body weight, an individual becomes thirsty and seeks water. Under normal conditions, fluid regulation is so precise that humans stop drinking when sufficient fluid is consumed to correct the state of dehydration, even though actual fluid balance in tissue occurs hours after drinking (Ramsay and Thrasher 1990). When an individual overdrinks, various regulatory mechanisms immediately begin to operate, and a sense of bloating, nausea, and dizziness is induced.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems and Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Polydipsia and Hyponatremia

Verghese

León²,

Josiassen

1996

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Fluid-electrolyte balance is regulated within a narrow range and disturbances in this system are unusual in animals and humans. Studies from the preneuroleptic era to date suggest that up to 25 percent of patients with schizophrenia have polydipsia, suggesting that it is related to the pathophysiology of the psychoses. Polydipsia and the related phenomenon of hyponatremia cause considerable mortality and morbidity. Prevalence studies are limited by imprecise measures available at present. The treatment was limiting water intake when patients reached critical levels of water retention, which however did not improve polydipsia. Recent case reports and open studies have shown that clozapine improves both polydipsia and water retention. The response occurs at low doses and is not related to improvement in psychosis. This may not be applicable to all patients and better understanding of the pathophysiology of polydipsia-hyponatremia would lead to more empirically derived treatments.

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“…These data suggest that AVP may play a role in the development of responsiveness to stimuli encountered in the context of suckling.The neurohypophyseal hormone, arginine 8 vasopressin (AVP), is a peptide with well-known peripheral endocrine functions that also serves as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in various regions of the brain. The principal functions of vasopressin are the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, including antipyretic effects (Kasting, 1991), and osmoregulation (Ramsay & Thrasher, 1990). In addition, AVP is distributed widely in the mammalian nervous system (De Vries,…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arginine 8 vasopressin also has been implicated in the control of ingestive behavior. Vasopressin serves to regulate osmotic and water balance and has been shown to influence thirst and drinking behavior in adult rats (Ramsay & Thrasher, 1990). Elevated levels of AVP have been reported in the fetal sheep in response to intracarotid injection of sodium chloride solutions (Ross, Agnew, Fujino, Ervin, & Day, 1992), which stimulates fetal swallowing of amniotic fluid (Ross, Sherman, Ervin, Day, & Humme, 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neurohypophyseal hormone, Arginine 8 vasopressin (AVP), is a peptide with well-known peripheral endocrine functions that also serves as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in various regions of the brain. The principal functions of vasopressin are the maintenance of physiological homeostasis, including antipyretic effects (Kasting, 1991), and osmoregulation (Ramsay & Thrasher, 1990). In addition, AVP is distributed widely in the mammalian nervous system (De Vries, Buijs, Van Leeuwen, Caffe, & Swaab, 1985), where it has been found to induce motor disturbances (Balaban, Fredericks, Wurpel, & Severs, 1988), stimulate grooming behavior (Diamant & de Wied, 1993; Meisenberg, 1988), and facilitate learning and memory (Bunsey, Kramer, Kesler, & Strupp, 1990; de Wied et al, 1988; Koob, Lebrun, Bluthe, Dantzer, & Le Moal, 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Behavioral effects of centrally administered arginine vasopressin in the rat fetus.

Petrov¹,

Robinson²,

Smotherman³

1994

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Arginine8 vasopressin (AVP) was administered to rat fetuses on Embryonic Day 20 via intracisternal (IC), intrahemispheric (IH), or intrathecal (IT) injection. The IC administration of AVP promoted a 4-fold increase in motor activity, including the uncommon patterns of mouthing, licking, and facial wiping. The IH injection of AVP had little effect on fetal behavior, but IT injection resulted in pronounced increases in fetal activity, including mouthing, licking, and wiping. The IT administration of a V1 antagonist blocked AVP effects, whereas IH injection potentiated AVP-induced changes in fetal behavior. The IC blockade of V1 receptors suppressed facial wiping to a chemosensory fluid (lemon) and reduced oral grasping of an artificial nipple, whereas IH injection of the V1 antagonist promoted facial wiping responses and increased grasping of the nipple. These data suggest that AVP may play a role in the development of responsiveness to stimuli encountered in the context of suckling.

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Thirst and Water Balance

Cited by 14 publications

References 94 publications

Brainstem Application of Melanocortin Receptor Ligands Produces Long-Lasting Effects on Feeding and Body Weight

Brainstem Application of Melanocortin Receptor Ligands Produces Long-Lasting Effects on Feeding and Body Weight

Problems and Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Polydipsia and Hyponatremia

Behavioral effects of centrally administered arginine vasopressin in the rat fetus.

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