Thirty years of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tadla-Azilal focus, Morocco

Abou-Elaaz, Fatima-Zahra; Outourakht, Aboubakre; Bouhout, Souad; Himmi, Oumnia; Guernaoui, Souad

doi:10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00091

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…is result is in agreement with that reported in other Moroccan foci, notably in Tadla-Azilal focus, both genders are concerned by CL; females were more affected (53% of total cases) [33]. is could mainly be attributed to the fact that women, for aesthetic reasons, consult the health centers more frequently than men.…”

Section: Distribution Of Leishmaniasis Cases According To Gendersupporting

confidence: 92%

Cartography and Epidemiological Study of Leishmaniasis Disease in Sefrou Province (2007–2010), Central North of Morocco

Talbi

Khayyat

Omari³

et al. 2020

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing cases of leishmaniasis disease have been reported during recent years in Sefrou Province, Central North of Morocco. This study presents the epidemiological profile of the provincial population, aims at analyzing the epidemiological profile, and in particular, spatiotemporal follow-up of all cases of leishmaniasis. It is a retrospective analysis of leishmaniasis cases recorded between 2007 and 2010. The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20). Over a four-year period, from 2007 to 2010, there were 62 cases of leishmaniasis, 93.12% of cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and 6.87% of visceral leishmaniasis. The case number of leishmaniasis in the Province of Sefrou varies between 0.165% and 0.0018%. For each type of leishmaniasis, the female sex was the most affected compared to the male sex. This difference cannot be considered statistically significant (χ2 = 0.083, p value = 0.77). For cutaneous leishmaniasis, all age groups were affected with a large percentage: patients aged 0–9 years with 63.11% followed by the age group [10–19] with 24.18%. Visceral leishmaniasis mainly has affected the infant population [0–9] with 83.33%. We have not observed any association between the age classes and the leishmaniasis type (χ2 = 6.20, p value = 0.4). From a spatial point of view, the majority of cases of leishmaniasis was reported in El Menzel region (67 cases) followed by Sefrou (64 cases) and Tazouta (38 cases). There is a statistically significant relationship between the type of leishmaniasis and the studied regions (χ2 = 52; p value <0.001). The study of the epidemiological profile of leishmaniasis cases may be useful in enlightening health authorities to develop screening, treatment, and control strategies to reduce the incidence rate of the disease. Other research studies can be conducted to the dynamics of the vectors of sandflies and their ecology.

show abstract

Section: Distribution Of Leishmaniasis Cases According To Gendersupporting

confidence: 92%

Cartography and Epidemiological Study of Leishmaniasis Disease in Sefrou Province (2007–2010), Central North of Morocco

Talbi

Khayyat

Omari³

et al. 2020

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Tadla-Azilal region, after 30 years of active CL transmission, is still a diverse and complex focus with currently increasing number of patients (Abou-Elaaz et al, 2019). While in this study only Leishmania tropica was detected in P. sergenti in this area, the relative abundance of proven vectors of other Leishmania species highlights a potential risk of introduction of L. infantum and L. major into this province.…”

Section: Con Clus Ionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The Tadla‐Azilal region, after 30 years of active CL transmission, is still a diverse and complex focus with currently increasing number of patients (Abou‐Elaaz et al., 2019). While in this study only Leishmania tropica was detected in P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported for the first time in Tanant, a rural area in the province of Azilal in the High Atlas (Marty et al., 1989), followed by the detection of large outbreaks in the south‐central regions of the country (Pratlong et al., 1991). Between 1998 and 2015, 5,518 Cl cases were registered in three neighbouring provinces; Azilal, Béni Mellal and Fquih Ben Salah, 3,916 cases of CL being recorded just in Tadla‐Azilal region between 2009 and 2015, according to a database of epidemiology and disease control, Rabat, Morocco (Abou‐Elaaz et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Entomological study in an anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Morocco: Fauna survey, Leishmania infection screening, molecular characterization and MALDI‐TOF MS protein profiling of relevant Phlebotomus species

Mhaidi

Kbaich

Kacem

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Morocco, leishmaniases are a major public health problem due to their genetic diversity and geographical distribution. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an infectious disease caused by various species of Leishmania and transmitted typically by bite of phlebotomine sand flies. This study identifies sand fly fauna in Ibaraghen village, province of Azilal, which is a focus of CL, by combination of morphological and molecular methods (sequencing of COI gene, MALDI‐TOF MS protein profiling). Nested‐kDNA PCR was used to detect and identify Leishmania species within potential vector species. 432 CDC light traps were placed at different heights above ground level at four capture sites during a whole year. Traps at 1.5 m above the ground yielded capture of sand flies almost double compared to above ground level (29.33%), while the collection reached 55.09% when the traps were placed 2.5 m above ground. A total of 2,830 sand flies were collected, 2,213 unfed specimens were morphologically identified, 990 males (44.73%) and 1,223 females (55.26%) of 13 species; ten Phlebotomus species and three Sergentomyia species. Six species were analysed by MALDI‐TOF MS protein profiling (4 Phlebotomus and 2 Sergentomiya species), and their identification was confirmed by COI sequencing. 1,375 unfed females were screened for the presence of Leishmania by nested‐kDNA PCR in pools, 11/30 pools of P. sergenti showing a single band of 750 bp corresponding to L. tropica. Our results confirm the role of P. sergenti as a proven vector in Azilal focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis; however, the relative abundance of other species known as vectors of Leishmania species emphasizes the risk of introduction of L. infantum and L. major in this province. For the first time in Morocco, a combined approach to identify sand flies by both morphology and molecular methods based on DNA barcoding and MALDI‐TOF MS protein profiling was applied.

show abstract

“…In this work, morphometric and geo-morphometric analyses were carried out on P. sergenti's wings to compare populations from central Morocco, where L. tropica transmission took place actively for over 30 years [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wings’ Descriptive and Geometric Morphometry Analyses Support Distinct <em>Phlebotomus sergenti</em> Parrot Populations in Central Morocco

Abou-Elaaz¹,

Sereno²,

Himmi³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti Parrot, 1917, the proven vector of Leishmania tropica Wright, 1903, the causative agent of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, is widely distributed in Morocco. Previous works using molecular markers (ITS2 rDNA and Cyt b mtDNA) have hy-pothesized the existence of multiple closely related populations of sandfly species (cryptic species) that would exhibit distinct vectorial capacities. In this work, descriptive characteristics of wings (size and shape of the right and left wings) were measured in samples collected from fourteen sta-tions in central Morocco. These analyses support the existence of distinct P. sergenti populations, enlightening significant phenotypic variations of P. sergenti’s wings, regarding their size and shape, depending on geographic origin. In addition, geomorphometric analyses of wing’s length, centroid size, alpha, and beta distances allowed clear discrimination of P. sergenti sub-populations. These data pinpoint the adaptative ability of P. sergenti to local environmental conditions. Additional studies are now required to further shed light on the genetic structure of P. sergenti populations in Morocco.

show abstract

Thirty years of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tadla-Azilal focus, Morocco

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Cartography and Epidemiological Study of Leishmaniasis Disease in Sefrou Province (2007–2010), Central North of Morocco

Cartography and Epidemiological Study of Leishmaniasis Disease in Sefrou Province (2007–2010), Central North of Morocco

Entomological study in an anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Morocco: Fauna survey, Leishmania infection screening, molecular characterization and MALDI‐TOF MS protein profiling of relevant Phlebotomus species

Wings’ Descriptive and Geometric Morphometry Analyses Support Distinct <em>Phlebotomus sergenti</em> Parrot Populations in Central Morocco

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About