Thixotropy of soft clay: A review

Ren, Yubin; Yang, Shuolong; Andersen, Knut H.; Yang, Qing; Wang, Yin

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106097

Cited by 37 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Another important point to note is that under the high‐salinity condition, the energy curve shows the presence of a potential well (Figure 4b). As described above, this indicates that energetically stable states can exist in the particle configuration, which may give rise to the thixotropic nature of a fault, as noted in previous studies (e.g., Ren et al., 2021). The energetically stable structures with well relaxed particle configurations would be destroyed by the force caused by fault slip, at which time the average intergranular distance would increase (i.e., shear‐induced dilation).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Surface Physicochemical Properties of Smectite‐Rich Fault Gouge: A Case Study of the Japan Trench Plate‐Boundary Fault

Nakamoto

Kamei

Kameda

2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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The frontal part of the Japan Trench plate‐boundary fault is enriched in low‐strength smectite, and this material characteristic is thought to be a factor for the large fault slip during the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku‐oki earthquake. In this study, we evaluated the surface physicochemical properties of the particles that constitute the fault zone and examined their effect on the rheological properties of the fault. Measurements of the zeta potential, surface free energy and pore size distribution indicate that the interparticle interaction in the in situ state is very weak. This means that the viscous resistance is low, which may have contributed to the large fault slip during the earthquake. The interparticle distance appears be longer than the energetically stable state, which may reflect a transitory state after the earthquake. Changes in microscopic interparticle interactions during coseismic and interseismic periods may influence the rheological behaviors of the Japan Trench plate‐boundary fault.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Surface Physicochemical Properties of Smectite‐Rich Fault Gouge: A Case Study of the Japan Trench Plate‐Boundary Fault

Nakamoto

Kamei

Kameda

2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…This indicated the strong strength growth potential of NM-treated loess after an appropriate length of curing. Generally, the improving effects of curing can be interpreted by the thixotropy effect resulting from bound-water structure change and chemical and electrical transport during the curing period [51]. The effect of NM on UCS is also observed in Figure 6.…”

Section: Unconfined Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 86%

Geotechnical Properties and Stabilization Mechanism of Nano-MgO Stabilized Loess

Chen

Sun³

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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This study focused on the utilization of nano-MgO as an energy-saving and eco-friendly stabilizer to improve the engineering performance of loess. To this end, loess samples at various nano-MgO contents and curing times were prepared, and then standard compaction, consistency limits, and unconfined compression tests were performed. The achieved results demonstrated that adding nano-MgO increased the liquid limit, plastic limit, and optimum water content of loess, while it decreased the plastic index and maximum dry density. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) presented an increasing trend with curing time and a “rise-fall” trend with the addition of nano-MgO. At the optimum nano-MgO content of 2%, about 72% UCS gain was to be expected with 28 days of curing. The variation of the deformation modulus was similar to that of UCS, and the strain at failure presented an opposite trend. Empirical models for these properties were formulated and validated by literature data. Finally, from NMR analyses, the improving mechanism was found to be nano-MgO induced water transformation from free water to bound water.

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“…Heavily silted and clayey soils, observed locally in the catchment, are saturated and highly thixotropic. At rest, a stiffened thixotropic layer is expected to show barrier functions [44], barring water infiltration, leading to quick saturation of the overlying soil, and initiating rapid water drainage through the organic topsoil. Multiple open-surface bogs in the drainage network depressions exist in the region, and one of them was sampled for water stable isotopes.…”

Section: Hydrological Connectivity At a Catchment Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Connectivity in a Permafrost Tundra Landscape near Vorkuta, North-European Arctic Russia

Tananaev¹,

Исаев²,

Sergeev³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Hydrochemical and geophysical data collected during a hydrological survey in September 2017, reveal patterns of small-scale hydrological connectivity in a small water track catchment, north-European Arctic. Elevated tundra patches underlain by sands were disconnected from the stream and stored precipitation water from previous months. At the catchment surface and in the water track thalweg, some circular hollows, from 0.2 to 0.4 m in diameter, acted as evaporative basins with low d-excess values, from 2 to 4&permil;. Other hollows were connected to shallow subsurface runoff, yielding d-excess values between 12 and 14&permil;. ‘Connected’ hollows yielded a 50% higher dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content, 17.5±5.3 mg/L, than the ‘disconnected hollows, 11.8±1.7 mg/L. Permafrost distribution across the landscape is continuous, but highly variable. Open taliks exist under fens and small hummocky depressions, as revealed by electric resistivity tomography surveys. Isotopic evidence supports upward subpermafrost groundwater migration through open taliks under water tracks and fens/bogs/depressions, and its supply to streams via shallow sub-surface compartment. Temporal variability of isotopic composition and DOC in water track and a major river system, the Vorkuta R., evidence the widespread occurrence of the described processes in the large river basin. Water tracks effectively drain the tundra terrain and maintain xeric veg-etation over the elevated inter-track tundra patches.

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Thixotropy of soft clay: A review

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

Surface Physicochemical Properties of Smectite‐Rich Fault Gouge: A Case Study of the Japan Trench Plate‐Boundary Fault

Surface Physicochemical Properties of Smectite‐Rich Fault Gouge: A Case Study of the Japan Trench Plate‐Boundary Fault

Geotechnical Properties and Stabilization Mechanism of Nano-MgO Stabilized Loess

Hydrological Connectivity in a Permafrost Tundra Landscape near Vorkuta, North-European Arctic Russia

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