Thoracic high‐resolution computed tomographic findings in dogs with canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Johnson, Victoria; Corcoran, Brendan; Wotton, P. R.; Schwarz, Tobias; Sullivan, Martin

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2005.tb00334.x

Cited by 41 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The radiographic findings of an unstructured ‘interstitial lung pattern’ and CT findings of ‘ground-glass’ opacity, ‘honeycombing’ and thickened pulmonary septae in this case are similar to those described in canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and the histopathologic findings were also similar [5,6,10]. In humans with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the ‘ground-glass’ opacity is attributable to active inflammation of the alveolar walls or presence of fibrosis [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The radiographic and computed tomographic features of pulmonary fibrosis have been well described in dogs [5,6,10] and humans [11]. High-resolution CT is considered crucial for diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis in humans [11] and dogs [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-resolution CT is considered crucial for diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis in humans [11] and dogs [10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computed tomography imaging of a leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis pardalis) with confirmed pulmonary fibrosis: a case report

et al. 2013

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An approximately 20-year-old, female Leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis pardalis) was presented with dypsnea, wheezing, anorexia and depression. Whole body radiographs revealed generalized diffuse unstructured ‘interstitial lung pattern’ with thickened pulmonary septae while computed tomography (CT) showed emphysematous lung parenchyma and thickened pulmonary septae bordered by irregular ground-glass opacity with smaller areas of ‘honeycombing’. These imaging findings together with histopathologic findings were compatible with chronic, extensive ‘interstitial’ pulmonary fibrosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computed tomography imaging of a leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis pardalis) with confirmed pulmonary fibrosis: a case report

et al. 2013

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“…Transverse sequential CT images of the lung (1 mm) were acquired and reconstructed using a detail and bone algorithm. The CT scans were graded as previously described (0-3 scale) (Dillon et al, 2013) as adapted from human and canine studies (Johnson et al, 2004(Johnson et al, , 2005. For CT evaluation, images were viewed in a lung window (W 1500, L 600).…”

Section: Ct Acquired Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pre-cardiac and adult stages of Dirofilaria immitis in pulmonary disease of cats: CBC, bronchial lavage cytology, serology, radiographs, CT images, bronchial reactivity, and histopathology

Dillon

Tillson

Wooldridge

et al. 2014

Veterinary Parasitology

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A controlled, blind study was conducted to define the initial inflammatory response and lung damage associated with the death of precardiac stages of Dirofilaria immitis in cats as compared to adult heartworm infections and normal cats. Three groups of six cats each were used: UU: uninfected untreated controls; PreS I: infected with 100 D. immitis L3 by subcutaneous injection and treated topically with selamectin 32 and 2 days pre-infection and once monthly for 8 months); IU: infected with 100 D. immitis L3 and left untreated. Peripheral blood, serum, bronchial lavage, and thoracic radiographic images were collected from all cats on Days 0, 70, 110, 168, and 240. CT images were acquired on Days 0, 110, and 240. Cats were euthanized, and necropsies were conducted on Day 240 to determine the presence of heartworms. Bronchial rings were collected for in vitro reactivity. Lung, heart, brain, kidney, and liver tissues were collected for histopathology. Results were compared for changes within each group. Pearson and Spearman correlations were performed for association between histologic, radiographic, serologic, hematologic and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) results. Infected cats treated with selamectin did not develop radiographically evident changes throughout the study, were heartworm antibody negative, and were free of adult heartworms and worm fragments at necropsy. Histologic lung scores and CT analysis were not significantly different between PreS I cats and UU controls. Subtle alveolar myofibrosis was noted in isolated areas of several PreS I cats and an eosinophilic BAL cytology was noted on Days 75 and 120. Bronchial ring reactivity was blunted in IU cats but was normal in PreS I and UU cats. The IU cats became antibody positive, and five cats developed adult heartworms. All cats with heartworms were antigen positive at one time point; but one cat was antibody positive, antigen negative, with viable adult females at necropsy. The CT revealed early involvement of all pulmonary arteries and a random pattern of parenchymal disease with severe lesions immediately adjacent to normal areas. Analysis of CT 3D reconstruction and Hounsfield units demonstrated lung disease consistent with restrictive pulmonary fibrosis with an interstitial infiltrate, absence of air trapping, and decrease in total lung volume in Group IU as compared to Groups UU and PreS I. The clinical implications of this study are that cats pretreated with selamectin 1 month before D. immitis L3 infection did not become serologically positive and did not develop pulmonary arterial hypertrophy and myofibrosis.

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“…Moreover, although CIPF HRCT findings were described in detail (Johnson et al, 2005;Heikkilä et al, 2011), the sensitivity of this imaging technique for detection of early lung lesions has not been established. Therefore, some included WHWT, even the ones that underwent a thoracic HRCT, might already have subclinical CIPF lesions at the time of sampling, which could have interfered with the results of the present study.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2, serotonin, and vascular endothelial growth factor serum concentrations in healthy dogs from seven breeds with variable predisposition for canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Roels

Krafft

Antoine

et al. 2015

Research in Veterinary Science

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The West Highland white terrier (WHWT) is particularly prone to canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (CIPF). We hypothesized that higher circulating concentrations of chemokines CXCL8, CCL2, serotonin (5-HT), or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could serve as predisposing factors for CIPF development in the WHWT breed. Serum samples from 103 healthy dogs of seven different breeds variably predisposed to CIPF were collected. Serum CXCL8 concentrations were higher in healthy WHWT compared with each of the other groups of healthy dogs. Serum CCL2 concentrations were higher in healthy WHWT and Maltese compared with King Charles spaniels and Malinois Belgian shepherds. No relevant inter-breed differences were observed for serum 5-HT concentrations regarding CIPF predisposition. VEGF values from 89.3% of samples tested were below the kit detection limit. In conclusion, high CXCL8 blood concentrations and possibly CCL2 concentrations might be related to the breed predisposition of the WHWT for CIPF and warrants further investigations.

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Thoracic high‐resolution computed tomographic findings in dogs with canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Cited by 41 publications

References 20 publications

Computed tomography imaging of a leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis pardalis) with confirmed pulmonary fibrosis: a case report

Computed tomography imaging of a leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis pardalis) with confirmed pulmonary fibrosis: a case report

Effect of pre-cardiac and adult stages of Dirofilaria immitis in pulmonary disease of cats: CBC, bronchial lavage cytology, serology, radiographs, CT images, bronchial reactivity, and histopathology

Evaluation of chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2, serotonin, and vascular endothelial growth factor serum concentrations in healthy dogs from seven breeds with variable predisposition for canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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