Thorium Nitrate. III. The Distribution of Thorium Nitrate between Water and Certain Esters and the Nature of the Distribution Equilibrium.

The The System Aluminum Nitrate–Water–Hexyl Alcohol at 25°C.

“…As in previous distribution studies (22,27,28) these modes of expression are mainly an arbitrary means of making comparisons on a molar basis. The molalities are referred to 1000 g. of the richer solvent in each phase.…”

“…In the right-hand section of figure 2, the true mole fraction of aluminum nitrate in the alcoholic phase, •ic.X'[Ai(NOi)i]> is plotted on a log-log scale versus the true mole fraction of Al8+ in the aqueous phase, aq-XAis+ • In past studies (22,26,28) in which no determinations of water were made, one could calculate only the corresponding apparent mole fractions based on the assumption of immiscibility of the two solvents. In the left-hand portion of figure 2 the distribution of aluminum nitrate is plotted on this apparent mole fraction basis, along with the data for lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, and thorium nitrates.…”

“…In previous studies (22,26,28) the distribution of a metallic nitrate between water and an immiscible organic solvent has been interpreted according to the mechanism R"+ + nNOr ?=* [R(NO,)"] (I) (aqueous phase) (organic phase)…”

“…author and coworkers (22, [26][27][28] concerning the separation of thorium nitrate from rare earth nitrates and of the rare earth nitrates from each other. There is also, of course, the well-known use of ether to purify uranyl nitrate.…”

Solvent Extraction.

“…Seigel, Bryan, and Huppert (28) report data on the boiling of Freon 12 inside smooth horizontal copper tubes. The tubes used had internal diameters of 0.555 inch and length to diameter ratios of 123 to 432. They present the data in a graphical form with the heat flux and weight flow shown as a function of the temperature difference.…”